WEBVTT 00:00.629 --> 00:02.930 First , let me say what a pleasure it 00:02.940 --> 00:05.051 is to be here in Brazil , uh first in 00:05.051 --> 00:08.270 Brasilia now here in uh in Rio . And as 00:08.279 --> 00:10.335 I think many of , you know , this is 00:10.335 --> 00:12.390 the 2/100 anniversary , this year of 00:12.390 --> 00:14.612 diplomatic relations between the United 00:14.612 --> 00:16.723 States and Brazil , something that we 00:16.723 --> 00:18.779 will be highlighting and celebrating 00:18.779 --> 00:20.946 throughout the rest of the year . It's 00:20.946 --> 00:23.510 exactly a year ago that the President 00:23.520 --> 00:27.100 and President Lula met . And 00:28.030 --> 00:30.700 I think one of the things that stood 00:30.709 --> 00:32.653 out from that meeting was a common 00:32.653 --> 00:35.349 desire , a common objective , a common 00:35.360 --> 00:37.849 goal to leave the next generation , a 00:37.860 --> 00:40.479 better future . Those were President 00:40.490 --> 00:42.434 Lula's words . It's also President 00:42.434 --> 00:44.546 Biden's commitment . And I think what 00:44.546 --> 00:46.768 we're seeing in so many different areas 00:47.220 --> 00:49.442 is the United States and Brazil working 00:49.442 --> 00:53.169 closely together to do just that . Um I 00:53.180 --> 00:55.529 had the pleasure and privilege of 00:55.540 --> 00:57.707 spending some time with President Lula 00:57.707 --> 00:59.929 yesterday in Brasilia . I'm grateful to 00:59.929 --> 01:02.096 him for the time that he dedicated end 01:02.096 --> 01:03.929 to the depth and richness of the 01:03.929 --> 01:06.000 conversation we had . And as I 01:06.010 --> 01:09.139 reflected on what we talked about so 01:09.150 --> 01:11.160 much of it was this common agenda 01:11.169 --> 01:13.559 between our countries to try to build 01:13.569 --> 01:15.800 effectively a better future for our 01:15.809 --> 01:18.120 people , focusing on the areas and on 01:18.129 --> 01:20.240 the issues that really have an impact 01:20.319 --> 01:24.239 in their daily lives . We're all seized 01:24.419 --> 01:26.839 with the obligation of contending with 01:26.849 --> 01:29.110 the one existential threat to humanity 01:29.120 --> 01:31.120 and that's climate change . And our 01:31.120 --> 01:33.231 countries have been leaders on that . 01:33.279 --> 01:35.540 Of course , the the rainforest , the 01:35.550 --> 01:37.661 Amazon is one of the world's greatest 01:37.661 --> 01:39.606 natural resources when it comes to 01:39.606 --> 01:41.494 actually effectively dealing with 01:41.494 --> 01:43.383 climate change carbon emissions . 01:44.169 --> 01:46.336 President Lula put it this way when he 01:46.336 --> 01:48.447 was at the White House with President 01:48.447 --> 01:50.280 Biden to take care of the Amazon 01:50.280 --> 01:52.391 rainforest . Today is to take care of 01:52.391 --> 01:54.447 the planet Earth and to take care of 01:54.447 --> 01:56.669 the planet Earth is to take care of our 01:56.669 --> 01:58.669 own survival . I don't think anyone 01:58.669 --> 02:00.891 could put it any better . So the United 02:00.891 --> 02:02.891 States is working side by side with 02:02.891 --> 02:04.725 Brazil to support its efforts to 02:04.725 --> 02:06.613 preserve the rainforest to combat 02:06.613 --> 02:08.850 deforestation . We're putting resources 02:08.860 --> 02:10.860 into that . We're engaged with many 02:10.860 --> 02:12.860 other countries around the world to 02:12.860 --> 02:16.110 encourage them to participate and with 02:16.119 --> 02:18.660 Usaid and other organizations in the US 02:18.669 --> 02:20.613 government . We're working in very 02:20.613 --> 02:22.990 practical concrete ways to help with 02:23.000 --> 02:25.222 support the management and preservation 02:25.222 --> 02:29.119 of the rainforest . In 2025 Brazil will 02:29.130 --> 02:32.440 head up the COP cop 30 in Belem . This 02:32.449 --> 02:34.929 is a very important opportunity to 02:34.940 --> 02:37.460 advance progress on the many different 02:37.470 --> 02:39.470 ways in which all of us are dealing 02:39.470 --> 02:41.526 with climate change . And we applaud 02:41.526 --> 02:43.470 Brazil's leadership . Another area 02:43.470 --> 02:45.637 where Brazil is leading and the United 02:45.637 --> 02:47.803 States has partnered with Brazil is on 02:47.803 --> 02:49.748 dealing with the challenge of food 02:49.748 --> 02:51.859 insecurity and global hunger . Here . 02:51.859 --> 02:53.970 I'm proud of the fact that the United 02:53.970 --> 02:56.192 States has invested billions of dollars 02:56.192 --> 02:58.359 over the last few years . Both to deal 02:58.359 --> 03:00.526 with emergency situations that we face 03:00.526 --> 03:00.509 the world has faced as a result of 03:00.649 --> 03:03.470 climate change COVID and conflict 03:03.479 --> 03:05.590 including Russia's aggression against 03:05.590 --> 03:07.757 Ukraine . Since 2021 the United States 03:07.757 --> 03:11.139 has invested $17.5 billion in trying to 03:11.460 --> 03:13.740 support food security for people around 03:13.750 --> 03:16.449 the world . But it's not only the 03:16.460 --> 03:18.627 emergency assistance that counts . And 03:18.627 --> 03:20.793 I discussed this with , with President 03:20.793 --> 03:22.849 Lula . It's the work we are doing to 03:22.849 --> 03:24.904 invest in productive capacity around 03:24.904 --> 03:27.071 the world for countries from Africa to 03:27.071 --> 03:29.830 Latin America to well beyond that is 03:29.839 --> 03:31.895 the answer to the , the challenge of 03:31.895 --> 03:33.617 food insecurity . We have many 03:33.617 --> 03:35.617 initiatives underway that are doing 03:35.617 --> 03:37.850 just that adapting our agricultural 03:37.860 --> 03:39.971 systems , our food production systems 03:39.971 --> 03:42.660 with Brazil , we have a partnership to 03:42.669 --> 03:44.891 bring artificial intelligence and other 03:44.891 --> 03:47.369 technologies to improve the soil in 03:47.380 --> 03:49.547 countries . And one of the things that 03:49.547 --> 03:51.713 we found and is at the heart of one of 03:51.713 --> 03:53.824 our own major new initiatives vex our 03:53.824 --> 03:55.880 vision for adapted crops and soil is 03:56.000 --> 03:59.380 when you have resilient and nutritious 03:59.389 --> 04:01.611 seeds , resilient to climate change and 04:01.611 --> 04:04.399 other extreme weather patterns . When 04:04.410 --> 04:07.160 you have strong soil , anything is 04:07.169 --> 04:09.169 possible . And this initiative with 04:09.169 --> 04:12.759 Brazil is working to do just that . And 04:12.770 --> 04:14.881 that means that what we then put into 04:14.881 --> 04:16.937 the ground on top of the , the seeds 04:16.937 --> 04:19.048 and soil like fertilizer will be much 04:19.048 --> 04:18.820 more effective . So we're working to 04:18.829 --> 04:21.209 develop crops that use nutrients , more 04:21.220 --> 04:23.053 efficiently , more effectively , 04:23.053 --> 04:25.279 lowering costs , lowering dependencies 04:25.549 --> 04:27.869 and at the same time , lowering 04:27.880 --> 04:29.936 emissions , it's joined with climate 04:29.936 --> 04:32.158 change . So another powerful example of 04:32.158 --> 04:34.158 where our two countries are working 04:34.158 --> 04:36.269 together in common purpose . And then 04:36.269 --> 04:38.491 of course , President Biden , President 04:38.491 --> 04:40.491 Lula are joined profoundly by their 04:40.491 --> 04:43.149 commitment to protecting worker rights , 04:43.529 --> 04:45.829 to defending and strengthening labor 04:45.839 --> 04:47.617 around the world . I think both 04:47.617 --> 04:50.309 presidents see it the same way workers 04:50.320 --> 04:53.480 labor are at the heart of our successes 04:53.489 --> 04:56.559 as countries . We are both building 04:56.570 --> 04:59.369 economies from the bottom up and the 04:59.380 --> 05:02.920 middle out here again , the partnership 05:02.929 --> 05:04.762 for workers' rights that the two 05:04.762 --> 05:06.769 presidents signed , stopping worker 05:06.779 --> 05:09.290 exploitation , focusing on forced labor 05:09.309 --> 05:11.690 on child labor , promoting rights 05:11.700 --> 05:13.700 around the world . Here again , our 05:13.700 --> 05:15.644 countries are joined and we have a 05:15.644 --> 05:17.811 joint action plan as well to eliminate 05:17.811 --> 05:19.867 racial and ethnic discrimination and 05:19.867 --> 05:22.033 promote equality , equitable access to 05:22.033 --> 05:24.367 education , to health care , to justice , 05:24.367 --> 05:26.533 particularly for people of African and 05:26.533 --> 05:29.230 indigenous origin . I mention all of 05:29.239 --> 05:31.461 this because it was really at the heart 05:31.461 --> 05:33.461 of the conversation that I had with 05:33.461 --> 05:35.517 President Lu yesterday . And aspects 05:35.517 --> 05:37.406 are also at the heart of the G 20 05:37.406 --> 05:39.461 agenda which Brazil is leading . And 05:39.461 --> 05:41.517 the other main purpose of this visit 05:41.517 --> 05:43.683 was to take part in a meeting with the 05:43.683 --> 05:45.517 Foreign Ministers led by Foreign 05:45.517 --> 05:47.739 Minister of Y to prepare the agenda for 05:47.739 --> 05:49.906 the leaders when they have the meeting 05:49.906 --> 05:52.017 of the G 20 leadership toward the end 05:52.017 --> 05:54.183 of this year . Here again , Brazil and 05:54.183 --> 05:56.128 the United States are working very 05:56.128 --> 05:58.239 closely together as partners and it's 05:58.239 --> 06:00.350 the United states' purpose in this to 06:00.350 --> 06:02.750 support and make a success of Brazil's 06:02.760 --> 06:06.730 presidency of the G 20 . Um in all of 06:06.739 --> 06:08.906 the areas of focus that Brazil has set 06:08.906 --> 06:11.399 forward , whether again it comes to 06:12.220 --> 06:14.276 advancing the rights of , of workers 06:14.276 --> 06:16.220 and laborers , whether it comes to 06:16.220 --> 06:18.164 dealing with climate change , food 06:18.164 --> 06:19.887 security , whether it comes to 06:19.887 --> 06:23.450 reforming the institutions that shape 06:23.459 --> 06:25.792 how countries interact around the world . 06:25.792 --> 06:28.019 We are working hand in hand with Brazil 06:28.029 --> 06:31.769 on that . Now , the scope , the 06:31.779 --> 06:33.446 scale of some of these global 06:33.446 --> 06:37.350 challenges is immense and I know that 06:37.359 --> 06:39.303 there are times when it feels like 06:39.303 --> 06:41.248 those challenges are outpacing our 06:41.248 --> 06:43.303 collective capacity to tackle them . 06:43.303 --> 06:44.970 But I think what the G 20 can 06:44.970 --> 06:47.137 demonstrate , it's demonstrated in the 06:47.137 --> 06:49.303 past and I believe it will demonstrate 06:49.303 --> 06:49.100 it in the future is that no , we 06:49.109 --> 06:51.053 actually do have the capacity when 06:51.053 --> 06:53.165 we're working together to effectively 06:53.165 --> 06:55.331 meet the moment to meet the challenges 06:55.331 --> 06:57.442 that we're facing to actually address 06:57.442 --> 06:59.220 the needs of the people that we 06:59.220 --> 07:01.220 represent the United States for its 07:01.220 --> 07:03.442 part is working to do that . And we had 07:03.442 --> 07:05.609 some discussion of these issues in the 07:05.609 --> 07:07.776 context of the G 20 on Ukraine , there 07:07.776 --> 07:09.890 is a strong palpable desire among 07:09.899 --> 07:12.570 virtually all of the G 20 for the 07:12.579 --> 07:14.899 Russian aggression to end and for peace 07:14.910 --> 07:17.220 to prevail in a way that upholds the 07:17.230 --> 07:20.230 rights of Ukrainians to their freedom , 07:20.239 --> 07:22.295 to their future , to the territorial 07:22.295 --> 07:24.406 integrity of their country . And that 07:24.406 --> 07:26.517 was very clear in the meetings that , 07:26.517 --> 07:28.572 that we had over the last two days , 07:28.572 --> 07:30.795 the conflict in Gaza between Israel and 07:30.795 --> 07:32.829 Hamas , we're focused intensely on 07:32.839 --> 07:35.369 trying to get an agreement that results 07:35.380 --> 07:37.269 in the release of the remaining 07:37.279 --> 07:39.980 hostages and that produces an extended 07:39.989 --> 07:42.619 humanitarian cease fire . And again , 07:42.630 --> 07:44.797 those are goals that I think virtually 07:44.797 --> 07:47.779 everyone in the G 20 shares , Haiti an 07:47.790 --> 07:51.489 area that is close to home and close to 07:51.500 --> 07:53.667 the hearts of Americans and Brazilians 07:53.667 --> 07:56.790 alike . We see a situation that 07:56.799 --> 07:59.160 continues to deteriorate particularly 07:59.170 --> 08:00.837 when it comes to the profound 08:00.837 --> 08:03.820 insecurity as a result of gangs that 08:03.829 --> 08:05.779 are running rampant , not only in 08:05.790 --> 08:07.790 Porter Au Prince , but increasingly 08:07.790 --> 08:09.901 beyond . We see a state that's on the 08:09.901 --> 08:11.957 verge of becoming a failed state and 08:11.957 --> 08:14.179 the result is that people are suffering 08:14.179 --> 08:16.012 tremendously , not only from the 08:16.012 --> 08:18.179 violence , including sexual violence , 08:18.179 --> 08:20.346 but just from the inability to get the 08:20.346 --> 08:23.200 basic necessities of life . Today , we 08:23.209 --> 08:26.380 had a meeting that involved a number of 08:26.390 --> 08:28.168 countries , all of whom will be 08:28.168 --> 08:31.339 contributing to the mission to help 08:31.790 --> 08:34.710 provide renewed security for Haiti that 08:34.719 --> 08:36.979 was endorsed by the United Nations last 08:36.989 --> 08:39.650 fall and that we're now making making 08:39.659 --> 08:41.900 real . We have a commitment from Kenya 08:41.909 --> 08:44.020 to lead this effort in support of the 08:44.020 --> 08:46.187 Haitian National Police . And today we 08:46.187 --> 08:48.242 had a , as I said , a meeting with , 08:48.242 --> 08:50.298 well , more than a dozen countries , 08:50.298 --> 08:52.409 each of whom is contributing or plans 08:52.409 --> 08:54.409 to contribute significantly to this 08:54.409 --> 08:56.187 mission , with personnel , with 08:56.187 --> 08:58.131 equipment , with training and with 08:58.131 --> 09:00.353 financial resources . And I think today 09:00.353 --> 09:03.869 we had at least another $120 million 09:03.880 --> 09:06.770 committed to that effort . We're 09:06.780 --> 09:09.530 working together to deal with irregular 09:09.539 --> 09:11.809 migration . A challenge that countries 09:11.820 --> 09:13.820 around the world are facing in this 09:13.820 --> 09:17.159 moment . This is simply put a 09:17.219 --> 09:19.386 challenge of historic proportions . We 09:19.386 --> 09:21.552 see more people on the move now around 09:21.552 --> 09:23.386 the planet , not only in our own 09:23.386 --> 09:25.608 hemisphere but around the planet , more 09:25.608 --> 09:27.608 people than ever before since we've 09:27.608 --> 09:29.830 been recording these numbers . But here 09:29.830 --> 09:31.941 again , we're working collectively to 09:31.941 --> 09:34.052 try to address the challenge and then 09:34.052 --> 09:35.997 in so many other places around the 09:35.997 --> 09:38.108 world where there is a conflict where 09:38.108 --> 09:40.108 there is insecurity . Ah the United 09:40.108 --> 09:42.275 States working with other countries is 09:42.275 --> 09:41.909 trying to make a change and trying to 09:41.919 --> 09:44.252 make a difference whether it's in Sudan , 09:44.252 --> 09:46.530 whether it's in Eastern DRC , Ethiopia , 09:46.530 --> 09:48.586 Somalia . Ah we're working in all of 09:48.586 --> 09:50.419 these places to try to deal with 09:50.419 --> 09:53.570 insecurity and also more broadly in 09:53.580 --> 09:56.429 Africa with a very strong affirmative 09:56.440 --> 09:58.662 agenda which I was able to highlight on 09:58.662 --> 10:02.219 my recent visit . Finally , beyond 10:02.489 --> 10:05.369 security , we are putting together new 10:05.380 --> 10:07.380 coalitions of countries and 10:07.390 --> 10:09.630 organizations to meet shared challenges 10:09.640 --> 10:12.770 in new ways . We have a global 10:12.780 --> 10:16.609 partnership now to direct investment in 10:16.619 --> 10:20.559 infrastructure in ways that uh create a 10:20.570 --> 10:22.570 race to the top , not a race to the 10:22.570 --> 10:24.681 bottom to make sure that as we pursue 10:24.681 --> 10:26.737 infrastructure projects in countries 10:26.737 --> 10:28.903 around the world and direct investment 10:28.903 --> 10:31.126 in that direction , we're doing it in a 10:31.126 --> 10:33.292 way that doesn't saddle countries with 10:33.292 --> 10:35.126 debt that respects the rights of 10:35.126 --> 10:36.681 workers , the environment . 10:36.681 --> 10:40.270 Transparency . that coalition including 10:40.280 --> 10:43.260 here in Brazil is increasingly focused 10:43.270 --> 10:45.479 on concrete projects and putting the 10:45.489 --> 10:48.710 resources into them . We have countries 10:48.840 --> 10:50.840 well , more than 100 countries that 10:50.840 --> 10:52.840 have come together to meet a global 10:52.840 --> 10:54.840 methane pledge , the largest single 10:54.840 --> 10:56.896 contributor to global warming to cut 10:56.896 --> 10:58.951 emissions by 30 methane emissions by 10:58.951 --> 11:01.400 30% by 2030 . That will have a powerful 11:01.409 --> 11:03.549 impact . And as I've discussed many 11:03.559 --> 11:05.726 times , we now have a global coalition 11:05.789 --> 11:08.299 to deal with what is now the number one 11:08.309 --> 11:10.419 killer of Americans at age 18 to 49 11:10.429 --> 11:12.485 synthetic opioids in the case of the 11:12.485 --> 11:14.485 United States fentaNYL . But in the 11:14.485 --> 11:16.596 case of many other countries , we see 11:16.596 --> 11:18.818 methamphetamines , we see ketamine . We 11:18.818 --> 11:20.929 see traMADol . This is one of the new 11:20.929 --> 11:23.096 challenges that increasingly countries 11:23.096 --> 11:25.318 around the world are being attentive to 11:25.318 --> 11:27.485 because they need to be . And this was 11:27.485 --> 11:29.651 also a subject at the G 20 . Finally , 11:30.309 --> 11:32.809 even as we're trying to work on issues 11:32.820 --> 11:34.969 of peace and security , even as we're 11:34.979 --> 11:37.640 dealing with these broad transnational 11:37.650 --> 11:39.594 challenges that no one country can 11:39.594 --> 11:41.706 effectively deal with alone . We also 11:41.706 --> 11:44.330 have to be reinvesting in and updating 11:44.820 --> 11:46.820 the international institutions that 11:46.820 --> 11:48.764 bring us all together to deal with 11:48.764 --> 11:50.987 these challenges . That was the subject 11:50.987 --> 11:52.987 of today's session of the G 20 . We 11:52.987 --> 11:55.209 have to have institutions that are more 11:55.209 --> 11:57.487 reflective of the world as it is today , 11:57.487 --> 11:59.431 not the world as it was when these 11:59.431 --> 12:01.431 institutions were created . Most of 12:01.431 --> 12:03.542 them . 80 years ago , we have to have 12:03.542 --> 12:05.653 institutions that are more responsive 12:05.653 --> 12:07.542 and more effective in meeting the 12:07.542 --> 12:09.542 challenges of today . So the United 12:09.542 --> 12:11.376 States has been leading in these 12:11.376 --> 12:13.542 efforts too . We're leading the effort 12:13.542 --> 12:15.653 to expand the United Nations Security 12:15.653 --> 12:17.709 Council , both in terms of permanent 12:17.709 --> 12:19.764 and non permanent members so that it 12:19.764 --> 12:21.987 better reflects today's world , today's 12:21.987 --> 12:24.098 realities . We're looking and working 12:24.098 --> 12:26.209 to sharpen the UN s focus on the most 12:26.209 --> 12:28.729 critical emerging issues of the day and 12:28.890 --> 12:31.057 emerging opportunities . Starting with 12:31.057 --> 12:32.750 artificial intelligence . The 12:32.760 --> 12:34.704 resolution that we have before the 12:34.704 --> 12:36.760 United Nations General Assembly is a 12:36.760 --> 12:38.816 way to set a foundation to make sure 12:38.816 --> 12:41.038 that artificial intelligence is used in 12:41.038 --> 12:43.260 a way that is safe , that's trustworthy 12:43.260 --> 12:45.989 and that actually advances progress on 12:46.000 --> 12:48.167 issues that matter to people including 12:48.167 --> 12:50.278 achieving the sustainable development 12:50.278 --> 12:52.167 goals . We're working to make the 12:52.167 --> 12:54.222 international financial institutions 12:54.222 --> 12:56.444 more responsive , more effective , more 12:56.444 --> 12:58.770 efficient in ways that create access to 12:58.780 --> 13:00.891 capital for countries that need it to 13:00.891 --> 13:03.002 concessional financing and to dealing 13:03.002 --> 13:05.224 with the huge debt burdens that so many 13:05.224 --> 13:07.336 countries face . We're amplifying the 13:07.336 --> 13:09.002 voice of emerging markets and 13:09.002 --> 13:11.113 developing countries throughout these 13:11.113 --> 13:13.113 institutions . And we're working as 13:13.113 --> 13:15.849 well to mobilize private capital , to 13:15.859 --> 13:18.070 make sure that it's directed the right 13:18.080 --> 13:20.280 places in the right ways , in all of 13:20.289 --> 13:22.380 these ways , the United States is 13:22.390 --> 13:24.612 helping to lead the effort to make sure 13:24.612 --> 13:26.612 that the institutions that bring us 13:26.612 --> 13:26.030 together and where we're working 13:26.039 --> 13:29.219 together are more reflective of today's 13:29.229 --> 13:31.451 world and more effective in meeting its 13:31.451 --> 13:35.030 challenges . This is in so many 13:35.039 --> 13:37.859 ways , a moment of tremendous testing 13:37.869 --> 13:41.080 for all of us in the more than 30 years 13:41.090 --> 13:43.257 that I've been engaged in these issues 13:43.257 --> 13:45.479 in government . I can't think of a time 13:45.479 --> 13:45.109 when there's been a greater 13:45.440 --> 13:48.960 multiplicity , a greater complexity , a 13:49.280 --> 13:52.210 greater interconnectedness of the 13:52.219 --> 13:54.330 challenges we're facing . And I think 13:54.330 --> 13:56.552 that only underscores the importance of 13:56.552 --> 13:59.440 doing more than ever before in working 13:59.450 --> 14:01.830 together in cooperating , in 14:01.840 --> 14:05.099 coordinating and communicating the 14:05.109 --> 14:07.369 powerful reality is this no one country 14:07.380 --> 14:09.979 alone has the capacity to deal with 14:09.989 --> 14:13.039 these challenges effectively . But when 14:13.049 --> 14:15.340 we work together , when we focus our 14:15.349 --> 14:18.239 efforts on common goals , I think we've 14:18.250 --> 14:20.306 demonstrated in the past and we will 14:20.306 --> 14:22.472 demonstrate in the future that there's 14:22.472 --> 14:24.472 nothing we can't actually achieve . 14:24.472 --> 14:28.429 Thank you . We'll first go 14:28.440 --> 14:30.773 to Courtney mcbride from Bloomberg News . 14:36.830 --> 14:38.886 Courtney , I'm getting my pen out in 14:38.886 --> 14:40.997 case there are multiple questions and 14:40.997 --> 14:43.163 I'll try to keep it brief and onto one 14:43.163 --> 14:45.274 topic . Mr Secretary . Thanks despite 14:45.274 --> 14:47.441 the US and other countries' efforts to 14:47.441 --> 14:49.386 isolate Russia which yesterday you 14:49.386 --> 14:51.552 called the world's leading exporter of 14:51.552 --> 14:53.441 instability . It remains actively 14:53.441 --> 14:55.552 engaged on the global stage including 14:55.552 --> 14:55.010 with Foreign Minister Lavrov's 14:55.020 --> 14:56.631 participation in this week's 14:56.631 --> 14:58.798 ministerial . Um So how does that fact 14:58.798 --> 15:00.464 complicate efforts to respond 15:00.464 --> 15:02.576 collectively to global challenges and 15:02.576 --> 15:04.742 how did it affect this week's meetings 15:04.742 --> 15:06.687 and then continuing on Russia . Um 15:06.687 --> 15:08.909 President Biden said that new sanctions 15:08.909 --> 15:11.076 are coming tomorrow in connection with 15:11.076 --> 15:10.750 the two year anniversary of the full 15:10.760 --> 15:13.190 scale invasion of Ukraine as well as 15:13.200 --> 15:15.239 the death of Alexei Navalny . The 15:15.250 --> 15:17.472 Kremlin reportedly has warned Navalny's 15:17.472 --> 15:19.820 widow not to return to Russia and his 15:19.830 --> 15:22.159 mother is complaining that the Russian 15:22.169 --> 15:24.169 government is pressuring her into a 15:24.169 --> 15:26.336 secret burial . How did the US and its 15:26.336 --> 15:28.447 allies and partners hope to influence 15:28.447 --> 15:30.225 or alter Russia's behavior when 15:30.225 --> 15:32.280 previous sanctions have not had that 15:32.280 --> 15:34.391 effect and further is a state sponsor 15:34.391 --> 15:36.613 of terrorism designation , possible way 15:36.613 --> 15:39.039 to further influence Russia . Thank you . 15:39.549 --> 15:42.950 Thanks . So first , I think 15:42.960 --> 15:45.016 again , if you were in the room over 15:45.016 --> 15:47.890 the last two days when it came to , for 15:47.900 --> 15:50.011 example , the discussions that we had 15:50.070 --> 15:52.126 about the Russian aggression against 15:52.126 --> 15:54.181 Ukraine and not just against Ukraine 15:54.479 --> 15:56.701 against the very principles that at the 15:56.701 --> 15:58.868 heart of the international system that 15:58.868 --> 16:00.590 we were here to talk about and 16:00.590 --> 16:02.646 hopefully to strengthen . I think if 16:02.646 --> 16:04.868 you're in that room as Foreign Minister 16:04.868 --> 16:08.140 Lavrov was you heard a very strong 16:08.150 --> 16:11.270 chorus coming from , not as I said , 16:11.280 --> 16:13.447 not just the G7 countries within the G 16:13.447 --> 16:16.460 20 . But for many others as well about 16:16.469 --> 16:18.525 the imperative of ending the Russian 16:18.525 --> 16:21.359 aggression , restoring peace , making 16:21.369 --> 16:23.480 sure that Ukrainians are the ones who 16:23.480 --> 16:25.536 decide their own future , preserving 16:25.536 --> 16:27.369 the territorial integrity of the 16:27.369 --> 16:29.647 country . Um That's increasingly clear . 16:29.647 --> 16:33.630 So I think , um , in a sense , uh it's 16:33.640 --> 16:36.309 actually quite a useful reminder 16:37.169 --> 16:40.270 to Russia about what virtually the 16:40.280 --> 16:42.447 entire world thinks of this aggression 16:42.447 --> 16:44.559 and the strong desire to see it end . 16:45.250 --> 16:47.361 And again , there are two reasons for 16:47.361 --> 16:49.361 that . One is the fact that it's an 16:49.361 --> 16:51.583 aggression against the , the principles 16:51.583 --> 16:50.840 at the heart of the system . The other 16:50.849 --> 16:53.280 is that it's had consequences for 16:53.289 --> 16:55.511 countries and people around the world , 16:55.520 --> 16:57.464 rising food prices , rising energy 16:57.464 --> 16:59.830 prices that have afflicted people uh 16:59.859 --> 17:02.580 largely because of this Russian 17:02.590 --> 17:06.030 aggression . Now we've been able to 17:06.040 --> 17:08.207 address that in increasingly effective 17:08.207 --> 17:10.429 ways , including Ukraine by pushing the 17:10.429 --> 17:13.060 Russian Navy back and getting access to 17:13.069 --> 17:15.236 the Black Sea . Again , exports to the 17:15.236 --> 17:17.402 Black Sea from Ukraine now exceed what 17:17.402 --> 17:19.625 they were before the Russian aggression 17:19.625 --> 17:21.513 in February of 2022 . But I think 17:21.513 --> 17:23.625 countries around the world are seeing 17:23.625 --> 17:25.680 the impact it's having on them . And 17:25.680 --> 17:25.140 it's another reason they want it to 17:25.150 --> 17:28.209 stop in terms of 17:28.930 --> 17:31.152 new measures and additional sanctions , 17:31.152 --> 17:34.750 stay tuned , they will be 17:34.859 --> 17:37.680 forthcoming . And I just say this about 17:38.750 --> 17:41.630 Mr Navalny , someone 17:41.949 --> 17:45.859 truly heroic in his life in 17:45.869 --> 17:49.069 his work . But the fact that 17:50.500 --> 17:54.250 Vladimir Putin saw it necessary to 17:55.089 --> 17:59.050 persecute poison and in prison , one 17:59.060 --> 18:03.030 man speaks volumes . Not 18:03.040 --> 18:06.579 about Russia's strength under Putin , 18:07.479 --> 18:10.969 but its weakness . And I think again , 18:11.449 --> 18:13.616 countries around the world , including 18:13.616 --> 18:15.959 in the G 20 were very clear about what 18:15.969 --> 18:18.199 they thought about what happened to 18:18.209 --> 18:21.030 Mister Navalny . We'll go to Fernando 18:21.040 --> 18:22.579 David with Band TV . 18:28.609 --> 18:31.229 Hello , Mr Secretary . Uh , it's a 18:31.239 --> 18:33.270 pleasure to have the opportunity of 18:33.280 --> 18:36.930 address you . Uh , I'd like to 18:36.939 --> 18:40.030 ask you what is your personal opinion , 18:40.040 --> 18:42.989 not the United States but yours , Mr 18:43.000 --> 18:46.119 Blink about uh President Lula's 18:46.130 --> 18:49.250 statement comparing the situation in 18:49.260 --> 18:51.650 Gaza with the Holocaust . And in 18:51.660 --> 18:54.349 addition , if you believe that this 18:54.359 --> 18:58.349 kind of statement could spoil frustrate 18:58.500 --> 19:02.020 the Brazil government plans of uh 19:02.030 --> 19:05.920 presented at these uh two days 19:05.989 --> 19:09.729 of G 20 especially uh 19:09.739 --> 19:13.180 the deep changes proposed in the Un 19:13.189 --> 19:16.369 Security Council with the inclusion of 19:16.380 --> 19:18.324 another countries such as Brazil . 19:18.324 --> 19:21.589 Thank you . Thank you very much . First , 19:21.599 --> 19:23.766 let me repeat something . I said a few 19:23.766 --> 19:27.729 minutes ago , the quality of 19:27.739 --> 19:31.239 the conversation , the exchange with 19:31.609 --> 19:34.589 President Lula , I on behalf of the 19:34.599 --> 19:36.766 United States could not have been more 19:36.766 --> 19:38.932 pleased with . And I'm grateful to him 19:38.932 --> 19:41.043 for all of the time , he dedicated to 19:41.043 --> 19:42.988 our meeting , but also again , the 19:42.988 --> 19:45.043 substance of it . And as I said , we 19:45.043 --> 19:47.043 were focused almost entirely on the 19:47.043 --> 19:48.988 very important and powerful common 19:48.988 --> 19:50.877 agenda that the United States and 19:50.877 --> 19:53.530 Brazil share when it comes to the big 19:53.540 --> 19:55.939 challenges of our , of our moment and 19:55.949 --> 19:57.893 doing so in ways that improves the 19:57.893 --> 20:00.060 lives of people in Brazil , the United 20:00.060 --> 20:02.116 States and uh and around the world , 20:02.116 --> 20:04.227 that was almost the entirety of uh of 20:04.227 --> 20:06.393 our conversation . And it's reflective 20:06.393 --> 20:08.910 of the fact that in so many ways , the 20:08.920 --> 20:11.829 the vision that President Lula brings 20:11.839 --> 20:14.061 is the same vision that President Biden 20:14.061 --> 20:15.895 has . And as a representative of 20:15.895 --> 20:18.479 President Biden , my purpose was really 20:18.489 --> 20:20.959 to continue to , to deepen that common 20:20.969 --> 20:22.802 approach and continue to look at 20:22.802 --> 20:24.969 practical ways we can , we can advance 20:24.969 --> 20:27.025 it now . We also have differences on 20:27.025 --> 20:29.247 some issues in the way we , we approach 20:29.247 --> 20:32.209 them . And on this particular 20:32.560 --> 20:34.589 question , obviously , the , the 20:34.599 --> 20:38.099 comparison of Gaza to the holocaust , 20:38.109 --> 20:40.750 we profoundly disagree , but that's 20:40.930 --> 20:44.339 also something that friends do . We can 20:44.349 --> 20:46.140 have these disagreements , even 20:46.150 --> 20:47.817 profound disagreements on one 20:47.817 --> 20:49.928 particular issue or , or I should say 20:49.928 --> 20:53.119 even an aspect of the issue and still 20:53.130 --> 20:55.130 continue all of the vital work that 20:55.130 --> 20:57.241 we're doing together . And also we're 20:57.241 --> 20:59.130 joined in having the , the shared 20:59.130 --> 21:01.186 objectives in this moment of getting 21:01.186 --> 21:04.530 hostages out , getting an extended 21:04.540 --> 21:07.180 humanitarian , cease fire in along with 21:07.189 --> 21:09.459 more humanitarian assistance and ending 21:09.540 --> 21:11.262 the conflict . That's a shared 21:11.262 --> 21:14.469 objective . So I think it's important 21:14.479 --> 21:16.646 to know that was the the nature of our 21:16.646 --> 21:19.640 conversation of our exchange . And 21:19.729 --> 21:21.840 we're committed , we remain committed 21:21.840 --> 21:23.840 to advancing our common agenda both 21:23.840 --> 21:25.896 between the United States and Brazil 21:25.896 --> 21:28.062 directly , as well as through Brazil's 21:28.062 --> 21:30.118 leadership of the G 20 . We'll go to 21:30.118 --> 21:31.618 Simon Lewis with Reuters . 21:34.849 --> 21:37.920 Um Thank you , um Secretary Lincoln . 21:37.930 --> 21:41.150 Um I wanted to ask a little bit of uh 21:41.160 --> 21:43.540 more on the , on the Gaza question . Um 21:43.959 --> 21:46.660 coming to the G 20 meetings last year , 21:46.670 --> 21:49.130 uh You were able to kind of garner 21:49.140 --> 21:51.307 widespread support from members of the 21:51.307 --> 21:54.709 G 20 with your position on Russia . Um 21:54.719 --> 21:57.069 you know , even citing un charter 21:57.079 --> 21:59.380 principles um that were being breached 21:59.390 --> 22:02.250 by the invasion of Ukraine this year , 22:02.260 --> 22:04.427 we got most of the members of the G 20 22:04.427 --> 22:06.649 or many members of the G 20 are calling 22:06.649 --> 22:08.959 for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza in 22:08.969 --> 22:11.136 contradiction with your own position . 22:12.349 --> 22:14.571 You know , highlighted by the fact that 22:14.571 --> 22:16.682 the US was , was forced to use a veto 22:16.682 --> 22:18.890 at the UN um on that issue . So 22:19.420 --> 22:21.689 comparing that last year to this year , 22:21.979 --> 22:24.930 uh is your support for Israel and its 22:24.939 --> 22:27.560 war leaving you isolated uh and has it 22:27.569 --> 22:29.736 put you on the back foot ? Um And in a 22:29.736 --> 22:33.729 related couple of points , um there 22:33.739 --> 22:35.572 are continuing warnings over the 22:35.572 --> 22:37.517 humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza , 22:37.517 --> 22:39.461 deconfliction issues and looting , 22:39.461 --> 22:42.969 meaning trucks getting aid in uh may 22:42.979 --> 22:45.201 get into Gaza , but they don't actually 22:45.201 --> 22:47.423 reach those in need . WFP has said it's 22:47.423 --> 22:49.535 suspending crucial food deliveries to 22:49.535 --> 22:51.757 the north of Gaza and the UN assessment 22:51.757 --> 22:53.757 mission that you've spoken about uh 22:53.757 --> 22:55.923 hasn't gone ahead . What are you doing 22:55.923 --> 22:58.390 to address this dire situation ? And um 22:58.810 --> 23:01.479 can you say whether Israel is really 23:01.489 --> 23:03.489 doing all it can to co-operate with 23:03.489 --> 23:05.433 those efforts . Thank you . Thanks 23:05.433 --> 23:08.989 Simon . So , first with regard to the 23:09.140 --> 23:11.979 Un Security Council resolution , it's 23:11.989 --> 23:14.211 important to start with the , with this 23:14.211 --> 23:17.319 clear fact and proposition that 23:17.329 --> 23:19.449 resolution would not in and of itself 23:19.800 --> 23:23.780 resulted in a cease fire . The question 23:23.790 --> 23:26.012 before us is what is the most effective 23:26.310 --> 23:29.349 way to move forward , move forward in a 23:29.359 --> 23:32.989 way that gets hostages out , gets an 23:33.000 --> 23:35.270 extended humanitarian , cease fire and 23:35.280 --> 23:37.224 ultimately leads to the end of the 23:37.224 --> 23:40.599 conflict . And in our judgment , 23:42.180 --> 23:44.013 the best way to do that is to do 23:44.020 --> 23:46.180 exactly what we're doing right now , 23:46.239 --> 23:48.072 which is to work intensely on an 23:48.072 --> 23:50.072 agreement on the hostages . This is 23:50.072 --> 23:52.072 something I'm involved in virtually 23:52.072 --> 23:53.961 every single day , including here 23:53.961 --> 23:56.199 alongside my colleagues . The CIA 23:56.209 --> 23:59.000 director , Bill burns the White House 23:59.010 --> 24:01.177 Middle East coordinator Brett mcgurk . 24:01.177 --> 24:03.310 We're in constant communication and 24:03.319 --> 24:05.569 working every aspect of this because 24:05.579 --> 24:08.089 that is the quickest path , the most 24:08.099 --> 24:10.489 effective path to get to where everyone 24:10.500 --> 24:12.890 wants to go , including everyone at the 24:12.900 --> 24:15.400 G 20 . And as I said , the Security 24:15.410 --> 24:17.410 Council resolution in and of itself 24:17.410 --> 24:20.260 would not produce that . And indeed the 24:20.270 --> 24:22.650 concern that we had with this 24:22.660 --> 24:26.290 particular resolution was twofold . 24:26.300 --> 24:28.411 One was the fact that it was actually 24:28.411 --> 24:31.869 silent as to hostages . Second , 24:32.390 --> 24:35.060 the timing of it was such that at the 24:35.069 --> 24:37.579 very moment when again , the best path 24:37.589 --> 24:39.645 forward is to see if we can reach an 24:39.645 --> 24:41.700 agreement on the hostages , anything 24:41.700 --> 24:44.739 that might in any way 24:45.160 --> 24:47.420 undermine that confuse that disrupt 24:47.430 --> 24:49.652 that effort is simply counterproductive 24:49.652 --> 24:52.199 to what everyone wants to achieve . Now , 24:52.479 --> 24:54.812 in terms of what people want to achieve . 24:54.812 --> 24:57.090 Actually , we all share the same goals . 24:57.090 --> 24:59.146 Everyone wants to see an end to this 24:59.146 --> 25:01.368 conflict as soon as possible . Everyone 25:01.368 --> 25:03.590 wants to see an end to the suffering of 25:03.590 --> 25:07.359 Children , women and men in Gaza who 25:07.369 --> 25:09.480 so many innocents who've suffered and 25:09.489 --> 25:11.656 continue to suffer so terribly who are 25:11.656 --> 25:13.829 caught in this crossfire of hamas' 25:13.839 --> 25:16.680 making . We all want to see that end as 25:16.689 --> 25:18.800 quickly as possible . And I think all 25:18.800 --> 25:20.745 of us are united in wanting to see 25:21.050 --> 25:24.630 after Gaza the 25:24.959 --> 25:27.589 path forward to a genuinely durable , 25:27.910 --> 25:30.540 sustainable peace to make sure that 25:31.349 --> 25:33.750 this never happens again for Israelis 25:33.760 --> 25:35.316 and never happens again for 25:35.316 --> 25:37.819 Palestinians . So we're united in that 25:38.270 --> 25:40.270 and again , in terms of some of the 25:40.270 --> 25:43.430 particulars , everyone supports trying 25:43.439 --> 25:45.272 to reach AAA hostage agreement , 25:45.770 --> 25:47.826 everyone supports having an extended 25:47.826 --> 25:50.150 humanitarian cease fire to allow that 25:50.160 --> 25:52.271 agreement to go forward as well as to 25:52.271 --> 25:54.216 dramatically increase humanitarian 25:54.216 --> 25:56.420 assistance . Everyone supports finding 25:56.430 --> 25:59.369 a way to end the conflict and move to 25:59.380 --> 26:03.229 this path to a durable solution . So 26:03.469 --> 26:05.636 I found a lot of commonality on that . 26:05.636 --> 26:07.349 Now , we again , there may be 26:07.359 --> 26:10.910 differences over , over tactics 26:10.930 --> 26:13.229 and there may be there are differences 26:13.239 --> 26:15.406 over the Security Council resolution . 26:15.406 --> 26:17.183 But if we're trying to focus on 26:17.183 --> 26:20.140 actually getting results , actually 26:20.150 --> 26:22.372 making a change , making a difference , 26:22.770 --> 26:26.229 we think what we're focused on is the 26:26.239 --> 26:28.406 uh the best way to do that in terms of 26:28.406 --> 26:30.739 assistance getting in . What I can tell 26:30.750 --> 26:32.972 you is this , there are two things that 26:32.972 --> 26:35.310 are a challenge . One is actually 26:35.319 --> 26:38.030 getting the assistance into Gaza . And 26:38.040 --> 26:39.929 here this is something we've been 26:39.929 --> 26:42.310 working on pretty much every single day 26:42.319 --> 26:45.790 over the last four months and over time , 26:46.420 --> 26:49.239 we were able first of all to open the 26:49.250 --> 26:51.979 gates to start to allow assistance in . 26:52.199 --> 26:54.088 That was a product of our intense 26:54.088 --> 26:56.310 engagement and diplomacy then to expand 26:56.310 --> 26:58.532 the places through which assistance was 26:58.532 --> 27:00.477 getting through , uh as well as to 27:00.477 --> 27:02.588 expand the assistance itself . All of 27:02.588 --> 27:05.000 this has taken a lot of sustained work , 27:05.010 --> 27:08.890 but it's also accurate that every 27:08.900 --> 27:11.380 step along the way , we've encountered 27:11.390 --> 27:13.446 obstacles , we continue to encounter 27:13.446 --> 27:15.557 them and we're dealing with them . Ah 27:15.557 --> 27:17.334 virtually every day . Then once 27:17.334 --> 27:19.446 assistance is inside of Gaza , that's 27:19.446 --> 27:21.557 not enough because it actually has to 27:21.557 --> 27:23.723 get to the people who need it and they 27:23.723 --> 27:23.550 are too . There have been many 27:23.560 --> 27:25.560 obstacles that we're trying to work 27:25.560 --> 27:27.616 through every single day , including 27:27.616 --> 27:30.130 making sure that convoys can proceed in 27:30.140 --> 27:33.180 a way that ensures the safety of those 27:33.189 --> 27:35.630 who are conducting them . And that 27:35.640 --> 27:37.362 means deconfliction , it means 27:37.362 --> 27:39.084 coordinating and that has been 27:39.084 --> 27:41.699 insufficient . So we're working to 27:41.709 --> 27:43.939 improve that as well as to make sure 27:43.949 --> 27:46.770 that as you pointed out , assistance 27:46.780 --> 27:49.079 gets not only to people throughout the 27:49.089 --> 27:51.145 southern part of Gaza , but actually 27:51.145 --> 27:53.367 gets to the many people who need it who 27:53.367 --> 27:55.311 remain in the North , some 350,000 27:55.311 --> 27:57.422 people who will remain above the Wadi 27:57.422 --> 27:59.645 Gaza . So what I can tell you is this , 27:59.645 --> 28:01.810 we are working this quite literally 28:01.819 --> 28:04.050 every single day through our own envoy 28:04.260 --> 28:06.149 for assistance . Ambassador David 28:06.149 --> 28:08.204 Satterfield and his team through the 28:08.204 --> 28:10.149 work that I and many others in the 28:10.149 --> 28:12.204 government are doing , engaging with 28:12.204 --> 28:14.093 the different institutions of the 28:14.093 --> 28:16.038 United Nations , engaging with the 28:16.038 --> 28:18.371 Israeli government , with the Egyptians , 28:18.371 --> 28:20.482 with the Jordanians . The bottom line 28:20.482 --> 28:22.640 is this though , we need more aid to 28:22.650 --> 28:24.760 get in through more places to reach 28:24.770 --> 28:27.349 more people . That's the bottom line . 28:27.359 --> 28:29.192 And we want to make sure that we 28:29.192 --> 28:32.739 deliver on that every single day , 28:32.750 --> 28:35.979 we were engaged when an issue 28:35.989 --> 28:39.949 arises , we tackle it and 28:39.959 --> 28:43.449 we look to see that there's an adequate 28:43.459 --> 28:45.939 response . So , you know , you can take 28:45.949 --> 28:48.171 this issue issue by issue , obstacle by 28:48.171 --> 28:50.171 obstacle . But what we have seen is 28:50.171 --> 28:52.449 when we've brought up a problem that's , 28:52.449 --> 28:55.420 that's arisen , generally speaking . 28:55.430 --> 28:57.979 Yes , the the Israelis have engaged it , 28:58.640 --> 29:02.390 but we continue to be in a situation 29:02.400 --> 29:04.869 where again , not enough is getting in 29:04.880 --> 29:06.991 in the first place and once it's in , 29:07.040 --> 29:08.880 it's not effectively getting to 29:08.890 --> 29:10.946 everyone who needs it that has to be 29:10.946 --> 29:13.469 addressed . Final question Camilla . 29:13.479 --> 29:14.989 There are Fula DEA Pala . 29:17.939 --> 29:21.280 Hi Mr Secretary . Uh before the G 20 29:21.290 --> 29:23.709 Chancellor's reunion . Russian Foreign 29:23.719 --> 29:25.441 Minister Lavrov criticized the 29:25.441 --> 29:28.339 politicization of G 20 for addressing 29:28.349 --> 29:31.630 issues such as the war in Ukraine . Uh 29:31.660 --> 29:35.219 How do you see this uh statement ? 29:35.609 --> 29:38.369 And have you had any conversation with 29:38.380 --> 29:42.030 Mr Lro during the G 20 meeting or in 29:42.040 --> 29:45.839 the dinner last night ? Thank you . 29:47.239 --> 29:49.572 The second part of the question . First , 29:49.572 --> 29:51.739 I didn't have any direct conversations 29:51.739 --> 29:53.850 with Foreign Minister Lavrov , but we 29:53.850 --> 29:56.072 certainly , well , I heard him speak in 29:56.072 --> 29:58.295 the meetings and I imagine you heard me 29:58.295 --> 30:00.572 speak and many others as well . Second , 30:00.572 --> 30:02.739 in terms of the so-called politization 30:02.739 --> 30:05.510 of the , the G 20 I think Foreign 30:05.520 --> 30:07.576 Minister Viera and a number of other 30:07.576 --> 30:09.298 colleagues addressed this very 30:09.298 --> 30:11.409 effectively themselves . If we're not 30:11.409 --> 30:14.599 able to deal with issues of peace and 30:14.609 --> 30:18.030 security , then it's going to be if not 30:18.040 --> 30:20.430 impossible , at least that much harder 30:20.439 --> 30:22.661 to actually deal with what we're trying 30:22.661 --> 30:25.540 to accomplish through the G 20 . If you 30:25.550 --> 30:29.079 have conflict , if you have insecurity , 30:29.760 --> 30:33.500 then actually making progress on food 30:33.510 --> 30:35.790 security , on the energy transition , 30:36.270 --> 30:38.880 on dealing with climate change , on 30:38.890 --> 30:41.140 working to defend and uphold worker 30:41.150 --> 30:44.969 rights . No , that's either impossible 30:44.979 --> 30:47.719 or much more difficult . So it's very 30:47.729 --> 30:50.930 much within the province of the G 20 to 30:50.939 --> 30:52.828 be talking about these issues and 30:52.828 --> 30:55.119 hopefully to find common ways forward . 30:55.579 --> 30:57.746 I think that's what the people that we 30:57.746 --> 30:59.801 represent expect of us . It's , it's 30:59.801 --> 31:02.023 actually what pretty much people around 31:02.023 --> 31:04.246 the world expect of us because the G 20 31:04.246 --> 31:03.989 even though it represents the world's 31:04.000 --> 31:06.630 20 largest economies is in many ways 31:06.640 --> 31:09.949 also representative of the 31:09.959 --> 31:12.199 entire global majority even countries 31:12.209 --> 31:14.130 that are not at the G 20 table , 31:14.140 --> 31:15.973 although we had a lot of invited 31:15.973 --> 31:18.196 countries to this session and I applaud 31:18.196 --> 31:20.196 Brazil for doing that . So , no , I 31:20.196 --> 31:22.307 think it's clear that this is not the 31:22.307 --> 31:24.307 politicization of the G 20 . On the 31:24.307 --> 31:26.473 contrary , we have a responsibility to 31:26.473 --> 31:28.362 try to come together , find a way 31:28.362 --> 31:30.584 forward on geopolitical issues that may 31:30.584 --> 31:32.918 be divisive because if we don't do that , 31:32.918 --> 31:35.084 the entire rest of the agenda is going 31:35.084 --> 31:37.362 to be very , very difficult to achieve . 31:37.362 --> 31:39.418 Thanks everybody . Thank you . Thank 31:39.418 --> 31:38.569 you .