WEBVTT 00:10.908 --> 00:13.575 (trumpet music) 00:24.450 --> 00:25.370 - [Narrator] In his day, 00:25.370 --> 00:28.713 General Patton proved the need for demand reduction. 00:30.120 --> 00:31.730 Even though the Normandy Invasion 00:31.730 --> 00:34.303 was the beginning of the end for the Third Reich, 00:35.120 --> 00:38.130 it would of been hard to convince any allied strategist 00:38.130 --> 00:40.513 prior to August in 1944. 00:41.660 --> 00:43.550 With insufficient ports available, 00:43.550 --> 00:46.023 Normandy was quagmire of supplies. 00:46.210 --> 00:47.840 Languishing in depots 00:48.130 --> 00:50.723 as troops stalled across the French landscape. 00:53.800 --> 00:57.000 Patton had brilliantly maneuvered his third army around 00:57.000 --> 00:58.940 and behind enemy positions 00:59.270 --> 01:01.283 in a sprint towards the German border. 01:02.400 --> 01:05.483 So fast he outran his supply lines. 01:06.970 --> 01:08.993 The famous Red Ball Express, 01:09.500 --> 01:11.770 a continuous caravan of trucks 01:11.770 --> 01:13.570 rushing fuel to Patton's tanks 01:13.740 --> 01:15.203 became his lifeline. 01:15.910 --> 01:17.740 Until the express began consuming 01:17.740 --> 01:19.793 more fuel than it delivered. 01:20.600 --> 01:23.200 He had thrown the German army into confusion 01:23.200 --> 01:24.193 and retreat. 01:24.540 --> 01:27.310 They also paid the price for attempting to cease 01:27.310 --> 01:29.563 the opportunity at any cost. 01:31.310 --> 01:34.753 Stalled just days from the manufacturing center of Sar, 01:35.430 --> 01:37.263 Patton had to wait for supplies. 01:38.660 --> 01:40.640 It was only then that he began a series 01:40.640 --> 01:44.553 of fortunate innovations to not only resupplied himself, 01:45.000 --> 01:48.270 but also conduct host nations support for maintenance 01:48.270 --> 01:50.103 and repair efforts of his vehicles. 01:52.070 --> 01:55.083 Having cooperation from local French factories, 01:55.160 --> 01:57.150 they produced tires, engines 01:57.160 --> 01:59.943 and engine coolant there at the point of demand. 02:00.620 --> 02:02.610 He then empowered his quarter masters 02:02.610 --> 02:04.773 to ration fuel and supplies. 02:04.940 --> 02:06.730 While creating a reserve, 02:06.730 --> 02:08.630 should it become needed in the future. 02:09.540 --> 02:12.140 In taking over operations of the French railroads 02:12.140 --> 02:15.253 provided him an alternative to the Red Ball Express. 02:17.220 --> 02:19.513 However, while his efforts were applauded, 02:20.360 --> 02:21.353 it took time. 02:22.140 --> 02:24.793 Which allowed the German army to reorganize. 02:25.380 --> 02:26.850 Though always outnumbered, 02:26.850 --> 02:29.870 they slowed Patton's November assault from a sprint 02:30.300 --> 02:31.253 to a slog. 02:31.940 --> 02:34.963 And the casualty rates are tested to the cost of the delay. 02:36.220 --> 02:38.880 Army doctrine would change in drastic ways 02:38.880 --> 02:40.410 because of the successes 02:40.840 --> 02:44.043 and the casualties of Patton's campaign. 02:44.474 --> 02:47.000 (trumpet music) 02:47.000 --> 02:49.550 But one could fairly ask about our present efforts. 02:51.030 --> 02:53.013 Has anything really changed? 02:59.400 --> 03:01.150 Our current unified land operations 03:02.128 --> 03:04.310 still require a responsive supply chain 03:04.310 --> 03:06.593 to keep our troops advancing with speed. 03:07.140 --> 03:09.370 And with advantages and superiority 03:09.370 --> 03:11.223 in many different levels of warfare, 03:11.750 --> 03:13.930 we have achieved a more than satisfactory 03:13.930 --> 03:15.203 level of efficiency. 03:16.300 --> 03:19.090 But a ready, globally responsive army 03:19.420 --> 03:22.170 that is able to support strategic priorities 03:22.170 --> 03:25.520 and win the fats past battles of the 21st century 03:25.520 --> 03:27.103 require something more. 03:28.290 --> 03:30.750 The war fighter in the future must be free 03:30.750 --> 03:34.003 from mission command and sustainment constraints. 03:34.310 --> 03:38.640 In order to successfully operate in small, dispersed, agile 03:38.680 --> 03:41.393 and nimbo units semi-independently. 03:42.170 --> 03:43.763 For up to seven days. 03:44.800 --> 03:45.830 To achieve this 03:45.930 --> 03:47.833 and all our strategic goals, 03:48.050 --> 03:51.360 in a constantly changing, unpredictable, asymmetrical 03:51.360 --> 03:53.003 or symmetrical battle field. 03:53.390 --> 03:57.103 Means we can no longer afford to operate constrained. 03:57.661 --> 04:00.078 (slow music) 04:06.950 --> 04:08.680 To meet future conflicts, 04:08.680 --> 04:11.393 the army will execute multi-domain battle. 04:11.660 --> 04:13.890 To ensure joint force freedom of action 04:13.890 --> 04:16.920 and deny the enemy the ability to operate freely 04:17.000 --> 04:18.403 across all domains. 04:19.190 --> 04:22.650 Brigade combat teams must have the capability to deploy 04:22.650 --> 04:24.773 and operate semi-independently. 04:26.020 --> 04:28.360 This allows them to seize, retain 04:28.360 --> 04:30.170 and exploit the initiative 04:30.320 --> 04:32.403 by attacking from multiple locations, 04:32.403 --> 04:34.303 directions and domains. 04:34.640 --> 04:36.620 To present dilemmas to the enemy 04:36.620 --> 04:38.670 throughout the depth of the battle field. 04:39.170 --> 04:42.813 And like Patton the velocity of those efforts is key. 04:43.610 --> 04:47.170 Once forces stop the enemy has time to counter 04:47.230 --> 04:48.333 or find a weakness. 04:49.050 --> 04:50.420 In future battle fields, 04:50.420 --> 04:53.680 any advantage for the enemy in any of the domains 04:53.860 --> 04:55.200 is one advantage 04:55.270 --> 04:56.103 too many. 04:57.020 --> 04:58.283 And they will find them. 05:00.150 --> 05:02.260 That makes the current army challenge 05:02.280 --> 05:04.053 an examination of procedures. 05:04.520 --> 05:07.810 Determining how to reduce a unit's operation requirement 05:07.810 --> 05:09.670 for services or commodities, 05:09.670 --> 05:12.943 which they cannot independently produce or acquire. 05:14.890 --> 05:16.340 Army studies predict 05:16.520 --> 05:19.803 that in order achieve desired goal in the decades ahead, 05:20.390 --> 05:23.480 the army must realize a 30% improvement 05:23.480 --> 05:27.433 in the use and direction of water, fuel and ammunition. 05:27.870 --> 05:30.870 If teams want to stay operational seven days 05:30.870 --> 05:32.253 without re-supply. 05:33.460 --> 05:36.283 Whatever solutions come from achieving this goal, 05:36.550 --> 05:39.783 they will have a 3-fold impact on demand reduction efforts. 05:40.450 --> 05:42.593 They must increase Operational Reach. 05:43.350 --> 05:45.400 They must reduce Mission Risk 05:45.870 --> 05:48.533 and they must Improve Readiness. 05:49.980 --> 05:52.480 30% may be a far term objective 05:52.920 --> 05:54.477 but efforts have to being now, 05:54.830 --> 05:56.720 in our near and midterm objectives 05:56.720 --> 05:57.993 in order achieve it. 05:58.930 --> 06:01.690 This will allow the army to adopt material 06:01.690 --> 06:03.053 at the rate of innovation, 06:03.720 --> 06:06.600 but it must also coincide with necessary changes 06:06.600 --> 06:10.673 and adaptations to all dot mill PFP approaches. 06:11.400 --> 06:14.320 Consequently, the time to change our culture 06:14.500 --> 06:18.990 and begin these initiatives is now. 06:18.990 --> 06:22.963 Success in our objectives has five critical elements. 06:23.580 --> 06:25.873 Improve effectiveness and efficiency. 06:26.570 --> 06:28.383 Meet demand at the point-of-need. 06:29.150 --> 06:32.083 Employs robotics and autonomous systems. 06:32.500 --> 06:34.453 Improves situational awareness, 06:34.650 --> 06:37.023 and establish cultural change. 06:40.156 --> 06:42.573 (fast music) 06:45.400 --> 06:47.443 Whether we reduce vehicle weight, 06:47.670 --> 06:50.623 increase strength-to-weight ratios for lethality, 06:51.040 --> 06:54.363 make better use of in theater resources for computing, 06:54.740 --> 06:57.543 create auxiliary power units for ground forces, 06:57.960 --> 07:01.293 use biodegradable packaging to reduce cargo space, 07:01.610 --> 07:03.270 find alternatives to bottled 07:03.270 --> 07:04.823 and bulk water supplies, 07:05.490 --> 07:08.200 create unmanned aerial resupply systems 07:08.400 --> 07:12.040 or use predictive analysis through artificial intelligence 07:12.930 --> 07:14.703 we must find the answers. 07:16.170 --> 07:20.023 Demand reduction strategy challenges existing para dimes, 07:20.540 --> 07:22.840 but it is challenge we must face. 07:22.840 --> 07:24.883 To secure for our forces, 07:24.970 --> 07:28.833 over manage against determined enemies and adversaries. 07:29.650 --> 07:32.150 The army will provide leader development education 07:32.340 --> 07:34.210 for both our professional military 07:34.210 --> 07:35.853 and the civilian force. 07:36.050 --> 07:38.563 To serve as a catalyst for culture change, 07:38.840 --> 07:42.263 and to support developing the necessary solution approaches. 07:43.200 --> 07:46.283 Reducing demand is a total army challenge. 07:46.570 --> 07:49.593 And vital to the support of multi-domain battle. 07:50.570 --> 07:52.010 And we must 07:52.270 --> 07:53.103 meet it.