WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:03.724 - [Announcer] AFA President, General Larry Spencer. 00:03.724 --> 00:06.724 (audience clapping) 00:09.274 --> 00:10.388 - Thank you all very much 00:10.388 --> 00:12.721 and welcome back from lunch. 00:13.001 --> 00:15.415 We are really, really honored to have with us, 00:15.415 --> 00:19.374 today, our international partners representing 13 countries 00:19.374 --> 00:22.207 and we also have the absolute best 00:22.857 --> 00:25.400 Chief of International Affairs that any service could have, 00:25.400 --> 00:26.619 Miss Heidi Grant. 00:26.619 --> 00:28.500 Would our international partners and Heidi Grant, 00:28.500 --> 00:30.799 would you please stand and be recognized. 00:30.799 --> 00:33.799 (audience clapping) 00:40.296 --> 00:41.129 Thank you. 00:41.440 --> 00:43.254 This year also marks the anniversary 00:43.254 --> 00:47.273 of establishing the Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force, 00:47.273 --> 00:48.203 and many of you may know 00:48.203 --> 00:50.697 that the Air Force Association had a lot to do with that. 00:50.697 --> 00:53.762 So, stay tuned for some special recognition 00:53.762 --> 00:57.884 for our heroes, our Chief Master Sergeants of the Air Force, 00:57.884 --> 01:01.152 in our September Air, Space, and Cyber Conference. 01:01.152 --> 01:04.095 Before we get started, everyone one of... 01:04.095 --> 01:05.653 Now, I don't know, these are these facts 01:05.653 --> 01:07.986 that only a few people know, 01:08.686 --> 01:12.164 but it's a little known fact that every year 01:12.164 --> 01:15.450 about two billion t-shirts are sold worldwide, 01:15.450 --> 01:16.975 and I'm betting everyone of you owns 01:16.975 --> 01:19.142 at least a dozen t-shirts. 01:19.223 --> 01:22.520 But, I'll bet there's no one out here who has a t-shirt, 01:22.520 --> 01:24.331 and I'll ask my models to come forward, 01:24.331 --> 01:25.554 as cool as these. 01:25.554 --> 01:27.443 (audience light laughter) 01:27.443 --> 01:28.994 Come on out models. 01:28.994 --> 01:31.994 (audience cheering) 01:34.386 --> 01:38.303 And can you turn around, let them see the back. 01:38.670 --> 01:40.276 Okay, you can turn back around now. 01:40.276 --> 01:41.468 (audience clapping) 01:41.468 --> 01:42.760 Okay, as you know, we're celebrating 01:42.760 --> 01:46.458 the Air Force's 70th anniversary, 70th birthday, 01:46.458 --> 01:49.149 and I know everyone in this room considers themselves 01:49.149 --> 01:50.732 an Airman for Life, 01:51.103 --> 01:52.906 and through the miracles of logistics 01:52.906 --> 01:56.479 you can own one of these t-shirts if you would like to. 01:56.479 --> 01:59.416 So, in the process, we would ask you to visit our booth, 01:59.416 --> 02:03.583 507, and you, too, can own one of these beautiful t-shirts 02:04.246 --> 02:07.369 and let everyone know, across our country, 02:07.369 --> 02:10.520 how proud we are of 70 years of our great Air Force, 02:10.520 --> 02:12.191 the greatest Air Force on the planet. 02:12.191 --> 02:14.304 So, thank you all very much, thank you models, 02:14.304 --> 02:15.521 and we look forward to seeing you at our booth. 02:15.521 --> 02:18.521 (audience clapping) 02:21.781 --> 02:24.138 Now, it's a real honor for me to introduce our first speaker 02:24.138 --> 02:27.041 of the Symposium's afternoon agenda. 02:27.041 --> 02:29.363 The perfect leader in these most difficult times, 02:29.363 --> 02:32.280 he is the senior uniformed officer. 02:34.964 --> 02:37.300 General Goldfien is responsible for organizing, 02:37.300 --> 02:41.467 training, and equipping of nearly 660,000 active duty, 02:41.867 --> 02:44.537 guard, reserve, and civilian forces serving 02:44.537 --> 02:47.370 in our United States and overseas. 02:47.439 --> 02:49.553 As a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 02:49.553 --> 02:51.201 he and other service Chiefs function 02:51.201 --> 02:54.220 as military advisors to the Secretary of Defense, 02:54.220 --> 02:57.459 National Security Council, and the President. 02:57.459 --> 02:59.618 Please welcome to the stage, the Chief of Staff 02:59.618 --> 03:01.096 of our United States Air Force, 03:01.096 --> 03:04.533 and great supporter of AFA, General Dave Goldfien. 03:04.533 --> 03:05.659 (audience clapping) 03:05.659 --> 03:06.659 Thanks Dave. 03:14.881 --> 03:17.013 - Thanks Larry, and, may I just say, 03:17.013 --> 03:19.022 I've just decided I know exactly 03:19.022 --> 03:21.292 what my new PT t-shirt is gonna look like. 03:21.292 --> 03:23.759 (audience laughter) 03:23.759 --> 03:27.092 I want to start by saying thanks to AFA. 03:27.822 --> 03:29.703 A convention like this just doesn't come together, 03:29.703 --> 03:32.617 it's actually months and weeks of work. 03:32.617 --> 03:35.051 And so, I'm really thrilled to see 03:35.051 --> 03:36.739 so many Wing Commanders here 03:36.739 --> 03:40.663 who have actually brought their annual award winners. 03:40.663 --> 03:42.533 You know, we had all the Wing Commanders, 03:42.533 --> 03:45.063 about a month ago, and I mentioned to them, 03:45.063 --> 03:46.247 and I'll mention to you all, 03:46.247 --> 03:48.790 and to everyone who's listening, as well who's not here, 03:48.790 --> 03:51.751 there is no better professional development opportunity 03:51.751 --> 03:54.932 for our airmen then coming to an AFA convention. 03:54.932 --> 03:56.580 And so, thanks to all the Wing Commanders. 03:56.580 --> 03:59.580 (audience clapping) 04:02.306 --> 04:04.902 Thanks to all the Wing Commanders who 04:04.902 --> 04:06.402 brought them and for everyone that didn't make it 04:06.402 --> 04:09.874 to this one, we look forward to seeing you in September. 04:09.874 --> 04:13.601 Secretary Peters, to you and General Spencer, again, thanks. 04:13.601 --> 04:15.725 I mean, talk about Airmen for Life. 04:15.725 --> 04:18.493 Thanks for what you all do for us every day. 04:18.493 --> 04:19.828 You know, as a Chief I have several wingmen 04:19.828 --> 04:21.437 that joined me in this journey, 04:21.437 --> 04:24.247 and I want to start off by talking about our newest 04:24.247 --> 04:25.687 Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force. 04:25.687 --> 04:27.277 Is he something or what? 04:27.277 --> 04:31.360 (audience cheering and clapping) 04:33.837 --> 04:35.764 It's great to have he and Tanya on board 04:35.764 --> 04:38.434 and you have been, and you already are, 04:38.434 --> 04:40.768 an incredible advocate for our airmen 04:40.768 --> 04:42.289 and a great representative for our airmen. 04:42.289 --> 04:43.956 So, thank you Chief. 04:44.297 --> 04:45.691 To our MAJCOM Commanders, and, of course, 04:45.691 --> 04:48.233 we did talk about Hawk Carlisle. 04:48.233 --> 04:51.862 You know, when the history of Air Combat Command is written, 04:51.862 --> 04:55.311 there are certain names that we'll always remember. 04:55.311 --> 04:58.811 You know, Russ, and Dougherty, and Creech, 04:59.808 --> 05:00.891 and Carlisle. 05:03.419 --> 05:06.821 Hawk, you have changed the way we go to war, 05:06.821 --> 05:09.909 and it's been such an incredible honor to serve with you, 05:09.909 --> 05:11.546 and I know that tribute 05:11.546 --> 05:14.963 that General Spencer did in the beginning 05:15.935 --> 05:19.034 is just a small way of saying what this crowd 05:19.034 --> 05:21.786 and everybody that we represent thinks of you. 05:21.786 --> 05:23.245 So, God bless you, and thanks for what you've done 05:23.245 --> 05:24.161 for our Air Force. 05:24.161 --> 05:27.161 (audience clapping) 05:29.890 --> 05:31.411 You know, we talk about our MAJCOM Commanders 05:31.411 --> 05:33.445 and we introduced them earlier and they all stood, 05:33.445 --> 05:35.769 but we didn't talk about their Command Chiefs, 05:35.769 --> 05:36.774 their partners. 05:36.774 --> 05:38.528 And, the reality is that if you stand on this stage 05:38.528 --> 05:42.022 as a General officer, there's one absolute known fact, 05:42.022 --> 05:43.996 and that is if you become a General officer 05:43.996 --> 05:45.424 in our Air Force, you were probably raised 05:45.424 --> 05:48.222 by a great Chief, and that's certainly the case 05:48.222 --> 05:50.055 for this guy on stage, 05:50.555 --> 05:53.052 and so I want to point out to our MAJCOM Command Chiefs, 05:53.052 --> 05:55.780 thanks for what you all do every day. 05:55.780 --> 05:58.780 (audience clapping) 06:02.572 --> 06:04.072 Secretary Disbrow. 06:06.129 --> 06:07.022 Secretary Disbrow and I, 06:07.022 --> 06:09.460 the very Honorable Secretary Disbrow and I, 06:09.460 --> 06:12.920 we've know each other now, for what, 25 years? 06:12.920 --> 06:15.670 And, her call sign to me is Sensa 06:16.879 --> 06:19.526 because I often climb the mountain top 06:19.526 --> 06:23.026 for guidance and wisdom from Lisa Disbrow. 06:24.286 --> 06:26.953 And the reality of our system is 06:27.061 --> 06:31.160 we actually don't know whether this will be your last AFA 06:31.160 --> 06:32.516 in our Air Force. 06:32.516 --> 06:36.395 I will tell you, we are all hoping and praying it's not. 06:36.395 --> 06:39.135 But, just in case it is, I want to make sure, 06:39.135 --> 06:41.052 that as your Air Force, 06:41.598 --> 06:45.393 we stand and thank you for being such an incredible leader 06:45.393 --> 06:46.926 over all these years. 06:46.926 --> 06:50.759 Thank you. (audience clapping) 07:05.062 --> 07:07.951 So, I'm now in my eighth month as your Chief, 07:07.951 --> 07:11.284 and I will tell you that with every week 07:11.887 --> 07:14.546 I get more excited and optimistic 07:14.546 --> 07:17.379 about our Air Force, where we are, 07:17.622 --> 07:19.538 who we are, and where we're going, 07:19.538 --> 07:22.455 for one primary reason, our airmen. 07:24.066 --> 07:26.733 660,000 active, guard, reserves, 07:26.934 --> 07:30.951 civilian, airmen who are bringing it home every single day 07:30.951 --> 07:32.368 around the globe, 07:33.331 --> 07:35.177 and I will tell you that they are the greatest treasure 07:35.177 --> 07:37.177 in our nation's arsenal. 07:38.068 --> 07:40.462 And just like it says, we've been breaking barriers 07:40.462 --> 07:41.545 for 70 years. 07:42.305 --> 07:43.805 It's in our blood. 07:44.232 --> 07:45.788 And the reason we've been able to break barriers, 07:45.788 --> 07:47.987 and whether you want to talk about the sound barrier, 07:47.987 --> 07:49.896 or the outer reaches of space, 07:49.896 --> 07:51.479 or race, or gender, 07:52.313 --> 07:56.480 our approach has always been, as a service, bring it. 07:56.841 --> 07:58.606 It's because we have these incredible airmen, 07:58.606 --> 08:01.380 the greatest treasure in our nation's arsenal, 08:01.380 --> 08:03.377 that I'm privileged to work with every day. 08:03.377 --> 08:05.809 So, I'm optimistic about our future. 08:05.809 --> 08:07.476 And I will share with you that I look 08:07.476 --> 08:09.844 at the position of Chief of Staff of the Air Force 08:09.844 --> 08:13.761 through three lens, or three hats, if you will. 08:14.407 --> 08:15.800 The first hat is the one that we tend 08:15.800 --> 08:19.967 to focus on the most which is, along with the Secretary, 08:20.281 --> 08:22.244 be responsible for institutionally organizing, 08:22.244 --> 08:26.411 training, equipping, and presenting ready air forces, 08:26.897 --> 08:28.745 ready forces, to Combatant Commanders 08:28.745 --> 08:32.495 who then fight those forces across the globe. 08:32.810 --> 08:35.874 The second hat, which is equally as important, 08:35.874 --> 08:38.509 is my role as a member of the Joint Chiefs, 08:38.509 --> 08:41.759 as the lead airman on the Joint Chiefs. 08:42.387 --> 08:44.883 That does my statutory responsibility 08:44.883 --> 08:47.960 to offer best military advice to the Secretary of Defense, 08:47.960 --> 08:50.627 the Congress, and the President. 08:51.594 --> 08:53.881 And, as we look at the transregional challenges 08:53.881 --> 08:58.048 that we face, that I'm gonna talk a little bit about, 08:58.247 --> 09:02.414 that role as a Joint Chief has become even more important 09:02.921 --> 09:04.504 in the 21st century 09:05.340 --> 09:08.649 against the challenges we've been presented from China, 09:08.649 --> 09:11.748 and Russia, and Iran, and North Korea, 09:11.748 --> 09:13.581 and violent extremism. 09:14.941 --> 09:16.659 And so, we'll talk about that global challenge, 09:16.659 --> 09:18.784 but one of those hats that I wear every day is 09:18.784 --> 09:21.784 that membership in the Joint Chiefs, 09:22.337 --> 09:26.504 and the third hat I wear is as an international Air Chief. 09:26.757 --> 09:28.777 And we have many of our attachés, 09:28.777 --> 09:32.944 and I appreciate General Spencer asking the attachés to, 09:33.932 --> 09:35.650 and our international partners, 09:35.650 --> 09:39.817 because what you need to know is that I am very focused 09:40.224 --> 09:41.924 on the responsibilities 09:41.924 --> 09:44.497 in the global security environment we face, 09:44.497 --> 09:47.121 as a nation that values allies and partners 09:47.121 --> 09:49.371 as an asymmetric advantage, 09:50.186 --> 09:52.686 because our adversaries don't. 09:53.530 --> 09:55.397 That the role as international Air Chief has never 09:55.397 --> 09:57.064 been more important. 09:58.650 --> 10:02.009 And so, let's talk about the national security environment 10:02.009 --> 10:03.092 that we face. 10:06.154 --> 10:09.261 So, a few years ago, as the Director of the Joint Staff, 10:09.261 --> 10:11.094 I actually would track 10:11.955 --> 10:14.045 the number and types of meetings that we prepared 10:14.045 --> 10:15.795 the Chairman to go to 10:16.750 --> 10:18.131 in either the National Security Council 10:18.131 --> 10:19.964 or at the Oval Office, 10:20.008 --> 10:21.684 and for the two years that I was there 10:21.684 --> 10:24.101 it was almost an 80-20 split. 10:24.296 --> 10:27.814 80% of the time he was going over there 10:27.814 --> 10:31.738 was a discussion about violent extremism in the Middle East 10:31.738 --> 10:34.281 which left about 20% of the time 10:34.281 --> 10:37.448 focused on the remainder of the globe. 10:38.333 --> 10:39.663 So, I would argue that as a nation, 10:39.663 --> 10:42.276 we're almost singularly focused, for a number of years, 10:42.276 --> 10:45.609 on violent extremism in the Middle East. 10:46.076 --> 10:48.456 And each service have demand signals placed on it 10:48.456 --> 10:50.706 during that period of time. 10:51.603 --> 10:53.971 And for the Air Force, the continuous demand signal 10:53.971 --> 10:57.388 was in four key areas, space, cyber, ISR, 10:57.698 --> 11:00.425 nuclear enterprise, and I could walk you through examples 11:00.425 --> 11:02.597 of where we brought incredible innovation 11:02.597 --> 11:05.430 and capability in those key areas. 11:06.359 --> 11:08.484 But, as the budget comes down, 11:08.484 --> 11:10.771 and the demand signal for the Air Force is 11:10.771 --> 11:14.938 to grow in those areas, you've got to make strategic trades. 11:15.798 --> 11:17.807 And so, our strategic trades that we made over time, 11:17.807 --> 11:19.153 which made sense at the time 11:19.153 --> 11:22.207 in the global security environment we faced, 11:22.207 --> 11:25.790 was primarily in people, in infrastructure, 11:26.061 --> 11:28.314 and in conventional air power. 11:28.314 --> 11:31.611 And we made strategic trades to trade capacity 11:31.611 --> 11:35.291 and near-term readiness for increasing capability 11:35.291 --> 11:39.208 and modernization which made sense before 2014. 11:39.900 --> 11:42.060 Because before 2014, we're actually, 11:42.060 --> 11:45.847 we were out of Iraq, we were coming out of Afghanistan. 11:45.847 --> 11:47.680 Russia was not active. 11:48.236 --> 11:50.236 China was not as active. 11:50.535 --> 11:52.702 The world changed in 2014. 11:54.401 --> 11:56.781 Russia invaded a neighboring country of Crimea 11:56.781 --> 11:58.453 and got active in the Ukraine 11:58.453 --> 12:01.453 and challenged NATO's eastern flank. 12:02.168 --> 12:04.200 China started building and militarizing islands 12:04.200 --> 12:06.117 in the South China Sea. 12:06.656 --> 12:08.573 We went back into Iraq, 12:10.174 --> 12:11.924 after ISIS reemerged. 12:12.705 --> 12:16.538 We had this little thing called Ebola in 2014. 12:17.036 --> 12:18.638 And we may look back on it now and say, 12:18.638 --> 12:20.031 "Well, it really wasn't as big a deal." 12:20.031 --> 12:22.620 For those of us who were going through it at the time, 12:22.620 --> 12:24.617 we didn't know whether we were facing the largest plague 12:24.617 --> 12:26.284 of the 21st century. 12:28.242 --> 12:30.992 And so the world changed in 2014. 12:32.770 --> 12:36.682 And so the framework through which we look at the globe, 12:36.682 --> 12:39.515 and we acknowledge the challenges we face, 12:39.515 --> 12:43.439 also changed into a far more balanced discussion 12:43.439 --> 12:46.522 focused on near peer, state-on-state, 12:46.934 --> 12:49.267 potential military activity. 12:50.243 --> 12:52.660 And so, this map of the globe 12:53.958 --> 12:57.458 is an indicator of the challenges we face, 12:58.010 --> 12:59.510 and the reality is 13:00.244 --> 13:02.729 that every one of the challenges that I've described for you 13:02.729 --> 13:04.482 in the four plus one framework, 13:04.482 --> 13:08.649 China, Russia, Iran, North Korea, violent extremism. 13:08.882 --> 13:12.799 Every one of those challenges is transregional. 13:14.629 --> 13:18.136 Dog-gone-it, our enemies and our adversaries 13:18.136 --> 13:21.269 are not paying attention to our Combatant Commander maps. 13:21.269 --> 13:23.615 (audience laughter) 13:23.615 --> 13:25.532 I mean, think about it. 13:26.355 --> 13:29.938 Russia is no longer only a EUCOM challenge. 13:31.951 --> 13:35.118 Russia is a EUCOM, NORTHCOM, SOUTHCOM, 13:36.536 --> 13:40.286 AFRICOM, PACOM, TRANSCOM, STRATCOM challenge. 13:42.819 --> 13:45.361 It's a global challenge that requires a global response, 13:45.361 --> 13:48.484 and as the service that brings global reach 13:48.484 --> 13:50.690 and global visions, and global power, 13:50.690 --> 13:54.857 it's the center of mass for the United States Air Force. 13:55.763 --> 13:58.513 And so, each of those three hats, 13:58.794 --> 14:00.280 I'd like to describe, for you, 14:00.280 --> 14:02.079 in this global security environment, 14:02.079 --> 14:04.182 what I believe as your Chief, 14:04.182 --> 14:08.099 are the five key attributes of future conflict. 14:10.404 --> 14:14.258 Because in each of these hats there are obligations. 14:14.258 --> 14:15.117 But I would offer to you 14:15.117 --> 14:16.789 that there's only one moral obligation 14:16.789 --> 14:19.539 that you have as a service Chief, 14:19.785 --> 14:21.247 and that's to ensure that every airman 14:21.247 --> 14:24.370 that goes into harm's way is properly organized, 14:24.370 --> 14:27.746 trained, equipped, and led to accomplish the mission 14:27.746 --> 14:29.746 that we give him or her, 14:30.373 --> 14:33.785 and we take care of their families while they're gone. 14:33.785 --> 14:36.515 Everything else, we do the best we can. 14:36.515 --> 14:38.186 That one is a moral obligation. 14:38.186 --> 14:40.436 That one is a mirror check. 14:42.247 --> 14:45.414 So, the question for us, as a service, 14:45.977 --> 14:49.560 that thinks and provides global capability, 14:51.677 --> 14:55.844 is are we thinking about this as checkers, or chess. 14:58.121 --> 15:00.338 Because, here would be the difference. 15:00.338 --> 15:03.755 If I was thinking this as checkers match, 15:03.933 --> 15:07.183 and Russia challenged me from the east, 15:07.978 --> 15:10.102 my counter would be linear. 15:10.102 --> 15:13.194 I would just build a force and a capability 15:13.194 --> 15:15.277 to respond from the west. 15:16.430 --> 15:19.297 But, that's not the way global superpowers think, 15:19.297 --> 15:20.797 or ought to think. 15:22.687 --> 15:24.966 What we ought to think in the game of chess, 15:24.966 --> 15:26.966 as global chess masters, 15:28.005 --> 15:30.292 is if we get pressure from the east, 15:30.292 --> 15:32.479 we simultaneously bring capability from the north, 15:32.479 --> 15:35.715 and the south, and the east, and the west, 15:35.715 --> 15:38.298 and we produce so many dilemmas 15:38.962 --> 15:41.712 and so much capability at a speed 15:42.552 --> 15:45.469 that the adversary can never match, 15:46.070 --> 15:49.987 that equates to deterrence in the 21st century. 15:50.122 --> 15:51.561 So, here are the five attributes I believe 15:51.561 --> 15:54.050 a future conflict that we have got to prepare for. 15:54.050 --> 15:56.635 And I don't know that much with absolute clarity 15:56.635 --> 15:59.468 as a Chief, but this is one I know 15:59.839 --> 16:02.006 with a 100% accuracy. 16:04.053 --> 16:08.136 We have from this moment until then to get ready, 16:10.126 --> 16:11.959 and every week counts, 16:13.121 --> 16:15.204 and this is a team sport, 16:15.931 --> 16:18.348 and we're all in it together. 16:18.787 --> 16:21.086 So, here's the attributes of future conflict as I see them. 16:21.086 --> 16:23.175 First of all, transregional. 16:23.175 --> 16:25.175 We've talked about that. 16:25.579 --> 16:28.040 We've got to think about how we simultaneously bring 16:28.040 --> 16:31.373 capability together to pressure an enemy 16:32.127 --> 16:35.076 in a resilient manner so if there's some reason 16:35.076 --> 16:37.309 that a certain capabilities may be denied to us 16:37.309 --> 16:41.476 or taken away from us, our response is, "Bring it." 16:42.193 --> 16:45.102 I've got all kinds of other options 16:45.102 --> 16:47.580 in the tool bag that I can throw at you. 16:47.580 --> 16:50.830 So, it will be transregional in nature. 16:52.559 --> 16:54.559 It will be multi-domain. 16:56.758 --> 16:58.597 And the way to think about multi-domain 16:58.597 --> 17:00.234 because we use that in so many ways, 17:00.234 --> 17:01.546 at least the way I think about it is, 17:01.546 --> 17:04.890 this is from the outer reaches of space in HEO, 17:04.890 --> 17:07.723 to below the surface of the ocean, 17:07.862 --> 17:09.871 and everywhere in between, 17:09.871 --> 17:14.038 because that's how we as a military force sense the globe, 17:14.431 --> 17:17.197 that's how we create common operating pictures 17:17.197 --> 17:20.714 and common intelligence pictures for decision makers 17:20.714 --> 17:24.557 to then be able to achieve decision speed that's required 17:24.557 --> 17:28.724 and then we maneuver forces in those same domains. 17:28.974 --> 17:30.915 As the CFAC, as the Air Component Commander 17:30.915 --> 17:33.407 in Central Command, I thought when I went to my job, 17:33.407 --> 17:36.223 at the beginning, that my job would be to focus 17:36.223 --> 17:39.962 on merely taking the right aircraft and assets 17:39.962 --> 17:41.958 and the right attributes and place it 17:41.958 --> 17:44.740 over the ground force and understand the ground force scheme 17:44.740 --> 17:48.490 of maneuver to ensure we always had the force 17:48.532 --> 17:52.108 on the ground that a mature ground fight covered. 17:52.108 --> 17:53.525 And, we did that. 17:54.825 --> 17:56.992 But actually, what we did, 17:57.936 --> 18:00.269 was multi-domain operations. 18:02.766 --> 18:04.597 In this magical headquarters called 18:04.597 --> 18:06.643 the Air Operations Center 18:06.643 --> 18:09.302 that produced a product that in some ways is misnamed 18:09.302 --> 18:12.158 because we're way beyond an air tasking order, 18:12.158 --> 18:15.030 it's clearly an integrated tasking order, 18:15.030 --> 18:19.197 and it pulls together capabilities from all those domains. 18:19.222 --> 18:22.724 So, back to that being a global chess master. 18:22.724 --> 18:24.697 Not only are you able to pressure from the north 18:24.697 --> 18:26.624 and the south and the east and the west, 18:26.624 --> 18:28.784 but you're able to provide capabilities and pressure 18:28.784 --> 18:31.558 and dilemmas from vertically, as well, 18:31.558 --> 18:35.725 as we stitch together all the domains in a joint force. 18:39.332 --> 18:41.582 It will be multi-component. 18:43.625 --> 18:47.000 And when it comes to multi-component operations, 18:47.000 --> 18:49.906 the reality of this magical headquarters that we had, 18:49.906 --> 18:53.258 that we have today, that General Harrigian commands, 18:53.258 --> 18:56.868 that General O'Shaughnessy commands in the Pacific, 18:56.868 --> 19:00.201 that General Wolters commands in Europe, 19:01.246 --> 19:04.868 is that the one operational level headquarters 19:04.868 --> 19:08.246 that actually brings all the components together 19:08.246 --> 19:11.729 in a way that you can integrate fires and effects 19:11.729 --> 19:13.331 on behalf of the Combatant Commander 19:13.331 --> 19:16.081 or multiple Combatant Commanders. 19:16.849 --> 19:17.998 In the Air Operations Center, 19:17.998 --> 19:21.435 there's not just a liaison element from the Army, 19:21.435 --> 19:24.102 there's 60 soldiers working 24-7 19:26.230 --> 19:30.200 as a Battlefield Coordination Detachment, a BCD, 19:30.200 --> 19:32.466 that's ensuring we're coordinate all of the capabilities 19:32.466 --> 19:34.417 from all of the domains across all of the components. 19:34.417 --> 19:37.120 You just don't have a Marine liaison element, 19:37.120 --> 19:39.777 what you have is an entire group of Marines that are making 19:39.777 --> 19:43.146 sure that you've got amphibious operations covered. 19:43.146 --> 19:45.386 You just don't have a maritime support element, 19:45.386 --> 19:48.553 you have an entire marine or maritime. 19:48.939 --> 19:51.876 It's the one place, at the operational level of war, 19:51.876 --> 19:55.376 where all of the components come together. 19:55.386 --> 19:59.225 So, understanding the business of joint warfare 19:59.225 --> 20:03.266 is going to be absolutely essential for the future. 20:03.266 --> 20:06.442 It turns out that I'm not actually the first Chief, 20:06.442 --> 20:10.432 of course, as number 21, that's thought about the business 20:10.432 --> 20:11.849 of joint warfare. 20:12.542 --> 20:15.897 The reality is as many before me have thought about this, 20:15.897 --> 20:18.495 and I have a short video to make that point. 20:18.495 --> 20:20.070 If you'd roll that video. 20:20.070 --> 20:22.170 (light symphonic music) 20:22.170 --> 20:24.598 - The US Air Force can go anywhere 20:24.598 --> 20:26.363 in the world very quickly 20:26.363 --> 20:28.441 and have tremendous destructive effect 20:28.441 --> 20:30.810 when ordered to do that by the President. 20:30.810 --> 20:33.700 It's important that we had one concept of operation 20:33.700 --> 20:35.790 for the air, land, and sea campaign, 20:35.790 --> 20:39.447 very important, we all march to the same set of orders. 20:39.447 --> 20:42.947 ^- We have been talking about joint warfare 20:43.813 --> 20:45.146 for a long time, 20:45.496 --> 20:47.052 but many people define jointness 20:47.052 --> 20:51.219 as having a soldier, a sailor, an airman, a Marine present 20:51.857 --> 20:54.024 for whatever it is you do. 20:54.076 --> 20:58.243 I would tell you that true jointness goes far beyond that. 20:58.418 --> 21:00.701 ^- Though we will have some excellent capabilities 21:00.701 --> 21:03.144 ^in the future in all of the services, I think, 21:03.144 --> 21:04.955 what will pull that together for us 21:04.955 --> 21:07.208 will be our ability to command and control that force. 21:07.208 --> 21:10.063 And that is a function of a new way 21:10.063 --> 21:13.480 of doing business, reaching back to many, 21:13.512 --> 21:17.338 many different pieces of our military capability 21:17.338 --> 21:20.594 for analysis and bringing it forward to make it actionable. 21:20.594 --> 21:22.891 ^- You don't win wars by yourself. 21:22.891 --> 21:26.391 ^Even when air power has been the major leg 21:26.906 --> 21:30.239 of the operation, we never did it alone. 21:31.034 --> 21:34.142 As the Army evolves into new ways of doing business, 21:34.142 --> 21:36.464 we're gonna have a big role there. 21:36.464 --> 21:38.995 We're gonna have to keep corridors open 21:38.995 --> 21:41.701 through contested airspace, get to resupply in there. 21:41.701 --> 21:43.825 We gonna have to have airplanes and machines 21:43.825 --> 21:45.625 that can persist over them, 21:45.625 --> 21:47.726 provide them the support they need when they get 21:47.726 --> 21:49.526 into trouble, and, finally, 21:49.526 --> 21:52.440 we're gonna have to have a way to get therm out of there. 21:52.440 --> 21:55.911 ^- Because we all have to be on the same lineup card. 21:55.911 --> 21:58.328 ^We can't have various tribes. 21:58.814 --> 22:00.264 Can't be tribal identities, 22:00.264 --> 22:02.657 that's not the face of the whole. 22:02.657 --> 22:05.800 ^- No other institution on earth provides 22:05.800 --> 22:09.717 ^the range of capabilities in the air, in space, 22:10.389 --> 22:13.245 or in the global command and control, 22:13.245 --> 22:15.162 to integrate their use. 22:16.960 --> 22:20.025 This is our unique and enduring contribution 22:20.025 --> 22:23.942 to the joint team, and, yes, it is our calling. 22:24.223 --> 22:26.775 - Air power's a game changer, folks. 22:26.775 --> 22:29.255 It is indispensable in modern warfare. 22:29.255 --> 22:31.338 You can't win without it. 22:32.158 --> 22:34.572 ^We have airmen who are incredibly skilled at this, 22:34.572 --> 22:35.641 ^who have operated at every level 22:35.641 --> 22:37.518 ^from the lowest tactical level now 22:37.518 --> 22:40.064 to the most senior theater levels. 22:40.064 --> 22:44.231 It is time for airmen to lead Joint Force Operations. 22:46.854 --> 22:49.728 - So, I can tell you one thing, for sure, 22:49.728 --> 22:52.228 of all the things I'm proud of 22:53.264 --> 22:57.431 occupying the office of the 20 that have gone before me, 22:57.811 --> 22:59.453 is nothing short of magical 22:59.453 --> 23:02.007 and I will just share with you that from Chief 20 23:02.007 --> 23:06.174 to Chief 21, the average GPA went down by like 1.0. 23:06.820 --> 23:09.820 (audience laughing) 23:11.984 --> 23:15.997 Two of my predecessors, who'd given their heart and soul 23:15.997 --> 23:18.915 to this organization are here tonight, 23:18.915 --> 23:20.710 and I want to make sure we recognize, 23:20.710 --> 23:23.125 first of all, the father of CONOPS 23:23.125 --> 23:26.283 and Command and Control, General John Jumper. 23:26.283 --> 23:30.450 Sir, thank you. (audience clapping) 23:36.856 --> 23:40.711 And of all the great gifts that General Mark Welsh 23:40.711 --> 23:43.211 passed on to Chief 21, and us, 23:44.081 --> 23:47.193 it's the fact that we are truly one Air Force 23:47.193 --> 23:48.679 and General Welsh is here. 23:48.679 --> 23:50.467 Sir, would you stand and be recognized. 23:50.467 --> 23:53.467 (audience clapping) 24:02.114 --> 24:03.110 So, I don't know how to do this, 24:03.110 --> 24:04.991 but I think I need to call that slide up 24:04.991 --> 24:08.741 that had the international partners on there. 24:10.512 --> 24:13.429 See if I control this, there it is. 24:14.390 --> 24:16.765 All right, take your hands off the device. 24:16.765 --> 24:18.916 (audience laughing) 24:18.916 --> 24:20.583 So, we continue talking about the attributes 24:20.583 --> 24:24.136 of future conflict, and we have to acknowledge 24:24.136 --> 24:27.108 and think about the fact that it will be coalition. 24:27.108 --> 24:29.116 It will be multi-national. 24:29.116 --> 24:33.199 This is a great strategic advantage that we have, 24:33.501 --> 24:36.334 that we value allies and partners. 24:36.384 --> 24:38.579 But we have to think about the future of conflict 24:38.579 --> 24:40.412 and where we're headed 24:40.703 --> 24:42.956 and ensure that we can truly build our systems 24:42.956 --> 24:44.999 so that they are coalition friendly. 24:44.999 --> 24:48.517 We can't allow technology to drive us farther 24:48.517 --> 24:50.235 from our allies and partners 24:50.235 --> 24:54.206 if, in fact, we're gonna fight with our allies and partners. 24:54.206 --> 24:56.992 This picture is a picture of what we built 24:56.992 --> 25:00.909 over in the Middle East that continues to exist 25:01.262 --> 25:03.012 called the Gulf CAOC. 25:04.585 --> 25:06.245 And what we did was we actually 25:06.245 --> 25:07.557 built an air operations center 25:07.557 --> 25:10.307 inside the Air Operations Center, 25:11.621 --> 25:13.107 and we brought our partners in 25:13.107 --> 25:15.069 because it was very clear that there's no way 25:15.069 --> 25:18.668 to actually defend the Arabian Gulf, individually, 25:18.668 --> 25:20.592 that we had to tie it together. 25:20.592 --> 25:22.925 We had to share information. 25:23.590 --> 25:25.111 And what we found as we went through this, 25:25.111 --> 25:27.694 and this still exists today, is 25:27.700 --> 25:29.860 that sharing of information and operating 25:29.860 --> 25:34.027 as a coalition is actually as challenging culturally 25:34.457 --> 25:36.540 as it is technologically, 25:37.847 --> 25:40.014 because most of us have grown up 25:40.014 --> 25:42.097 asking the wrong question 25:43.722 --> 25:45.889 about information sharing. 25:46.295 --> 25:49.330 How many times have we asked the question, 25:49.330 --> 25:50.913 "What can I share?" 25:52.197 --> 25:56.087 And the answer very quickly comes back, "Nothing", 25:56.087 --> 25:57.587 or, "Very little." 25:58.037 --> 25:59.249 The right question is actually, 25:59.249 --> 26:01.666 "What can't I share and why?" 26:02.314 --> 26:05.019 Think about this, the youngest member 26:05.019 --> 26:09.186 of any organization that we represent in this room, 26:09.233 --> 26:12.983 with a single mouse click can make a decision 26:14.069 --> 26:17.709 on the security classification of any document 26:17.709 --> 26:20.376 that comes across that computer, 26:20.576 --> 26:22.411 and it takes the oldest member of the organization 26:22.411 --> 26:24.161 to reverse that often 26:26.608 --> 26:29.691 through a very challenging mechanism. 26:32.201 --> 26:34.909 So, if the future of conflict is going to be coalition 26:34.909 --> 26:37.435 and it's going to be multi-national, 26:37.435 --> 26:39.855 that we, as an enterprise, that are responsible 26:39.855 --> 26:43.372 for Command and Control need to think about how we operate. 26:43.372 --> 26:46.039 You know, if you were to ask me, 26:46.353 --> 26:49.108 "What is one of the great attributes 26:49.108 --> 26:50.858 "that the F-35 brings 26:52.566 --> 26:54.566 "to future of conflict?" 26:55.457 --> 26:57.107 I will tell you that the difficulty 26:57.107 --> 26:59.847 that we are working our way through to be able 26:59.847 --> 27:03.764 to share information in a single weapons system 27:03.818 --> 27:06.848 might very well be the strategic asset 27:06.848 --> 27:08.931 that comes from the F-35. 27:09.784 --> 27:12.701 It will be coalition in the future, 27:15.304 --> 27:16.971 and it will be fast. 27:18.295 --> 27:22.462 It will be at a speed that we have not seen before, 27:22.848 --> 27:26.195 because we're operating in all of these domains. 27:26.195 --> 27:29.220 We're gaining information and clarity on issues 27:29.220 --> 27:30.053 that are going on 27:30.053 --> 27:34.220 that are sensing in ways that we have not sensed before. 27:35.072 --> 27:37.976 We're achieving decisions at a speed 27:37.976 --> 27:40.343 that we have not seen before. 27:40.343 --> 27:42.014 So, we're gonna have to ensure that we are ready 27:42.014 --> 27:44.764 for the speed of future conflict. 27:46.856 --> 27:49.468 So, back to that moral obligation 27:49.468 --> 27:53.311 of ensuring that we prepare the force for what's coming 27:53.311 --> 27:54.687 and treating every week we have 27:54.687 --> 27:58.270 as our last week that we have to get ready. 27:59.720 --> 28:03.887 Therein lies why I picked, and rolled out for you, 28:04.098 --> 28:07.015 in September, the three focus areas 28:07.440 --> 28:11.031 because the reality is when you stitch them together... 28:11.031 --> 28:13.582 And there's an organizational element, 28:13.582 --> 28:15.799 there's a leadership development element, 28:15.799 --> 28:17.878 there's a CONOPS element, 28:17.878 --> 28:20.211 and there's a technical baseline element, 28:20.211 --> 28:22.185 and when you stitch them together, 28:22.185 --> 28:24.687 they equal joint war fighting excellence 28:24.687 --> 28:28.854 against the kind of conflict that we have to prepare for. 28:29.430 --> 28:32.332 The organizational element starts with squadrons. 28:32.332 --> 28:33.853 So, you say him in the video, 28:33.853 --> 28:35.780 but I had a chance, early in my career, 28:35.780 --> 28:38.242 to work for a guy named General Mike Ryan, 28:38.242 --> 28:40.233 and he gave me one of the most important organizational 28:40.233 --> 28:41.993 constructs that I've used over my career 28:41.993 --> 28:44.465 and that is if you want to actually, you know, 28:44.465 --> 28:46.787 achieve change in an organization, 28:46.787 --> 28:48.424 lasting change in an organization, 28:48.424 --> 28:50.629 you have to have three elements. 28:50.629 --> 28:54.244 The first is you've got to have a single person in charge. 28:54.244 --> 28:56.016 Can't be a committee, can't be a command, 28:56.016 --> 28:58.683 it's got to be someone who drives to work, in the morning, 28:58.683 --> 29:02.016 accountable and responsible for success. 29:02.727 --> 29:04.201 So, you have to have a single person in charge 29:04.201 --> 29:06.396 to move the organization forward. 29:06.396 --> 29:08.811 That single person in charge has to develop the second thing 29:08.811 --> 29:11.794 which is a plan, and it has to be more than PowerPoint deep. 29:11.794 --> 29:13.627 It has to be a CONOPS. 29:13.722 --> 29:16.009 It has to be written in English, 29:16.009 --> 29:17.936 and the organization needs to be able to understand 29:17.936 --> 29:20.519 where it is that you're headed. 29:20.804 --> 29:22.847 And the final element you have to have for success 29:22.847 --> 29:25.761 is that plan has to be placed on a calendar 29:25.761 --> 29:28.246 with milestones and objectives 29:28.246 --> 29:30.463 and things that you measure 29:30.463 --> 29:33.171 because the reality is that life gets in the way 29:33.171 --> 29:35.921 of every plan, and how many of us 29:36.384 --> 29:40.517 in leadership positions have given Commanders intent, 29:40.517 --> 29:42.155 let the staff run off or the group run off 29:42.155 --> 29:43.385 and two months later, called them in and say, 29:43.385 --> 29:45.218 "Hey, how's it going?" 29:45.359 --> 29:47.192 And there's this code, 29:47.275 --> 29:49.522 and the code usually goes like this, 29:49.522 --> 29:51.772 "Sir, we're working on it." 29:53.207 --> 29:54.519 So, for you young leaders in the crowd, 29:54.519 --> 29:57.602 let me tell you what that code means. 29:57.620 --> 29:59.024 Normally what you will find is 29:59.024 --> 30:01.524 that you had no one in charge. 30:02.046 --> 30:04.414 We didn't understand the plan, 30:04.414 --> 30:06.414 and life got in the way. 30:06.458 --> 30:07.978 Other things became a priority, 30:07.978 --> 30:10.061 and you didn't follow up. 30:10.347 --> 30:13.702 So, in each of these three areas that covers 30:13.702 --> 30:14.886 an organizational element, 30:14.886 --> 30:18.469 revitalizing squadrons, leader development, 30:19.159 --> 30:22.804 strengthening how we develop joint leaders and teams, 30:22.804 --> 30:25.266 and the CONOPS and the technical baseline 30:25.266 --> 30:26.903 for how we operate in the future, 30:26.903 --> 30:30.403 which is Multi-Domain Command and Control, 30:30.618 --> 30:32.058 you have three leaders that are in charge. 30:32.058 --> 30:34.341 Three Brigadier Generals and Chief Master Sergeants 30:34.341 --> 30:38.037 who are in charge of those, and they're all here this week, 30:38.037 --> 30:39.801 and as we get around I want to introduce them 30:39.801 --> 30:41.055 so you get a chance to talk with them. 30:41.055 --> 30:43.470 First one is Brigadier General S. L. Davis 30:43.470 --> 30:45.188 who is in charge of revitalizing squadrons, 30:45.188 --> 30:48.271 and his wingman is Chief Rob Stamper. 30:49.345 --> 30:50.845 So, why squadrons? 30:52.456 --> 30:55.956 Because that's who we are as an air force. 30:56.508 --> 30:59.526 It is the organizational element within our Air Force 30:59.526 --> 31:01.526 that airmen first joined 31:01.617 --> 31:04.763 and we inculcate the culture of being an airman 31:04.763 --> 31:06.596 at the squadron level. 31:06.934 --> 31:09.790 It's where airmen and families thrive. 31:09.790 --> 31:13.227 It's where the mission of the Air Force succeeds or fails. 31:13.227 --> 31:14.782 It's where innovation occurs. 31:14.782 --> 31:17.532 It's where we generate readiness. 31:17.766 --> 31:20.915 It's the organizational level in the Command level 31:20.915 --> 31:23.415 where you have the most impact 31:23.931 --> 31:27.264 on the individuals in that organization. 31:27.623 --> 31:29.701 And so, if and fact you buy that, 31:29.701 --> 31:31.129 and you agree with me 31:31.129 --> 31:33.660 that squadron is the heartbeat of who we are 31:33.660 --> 31:37.201 as an Air Force, then General Davis and his team is looking 31:37.201 --> 31:39.419 at this and asking the important questions, 31:39.419 --> 31:43.494 "When do we actually identify who has the potential 31:43.494 --> 31:44.643 "for Command?" 31:44.643 --> 31:46.361 And then next, "What do we do with them, 31:46.361 --> 31:48.590 "after we've made that decision?" 31:48.590 --> 31:50.355 And, "How do we prepare them for this, 31:50.355 --> 31:52.271 "the most important level of command 31:52.271 --> 31:53.854 "in our Air Force." 31:54.279 --> 31:57.112 And then while they're in command, 31:57.379 --> 31:59.579 had this discussion with the Wing Commanders, 31:59.579 --> 32:01.803 "What are we doing while they're in command? 32:01.803 --> 32:04.914 "Do we step back and see if they can swim, 32:04.914 --> 32:07.492 "because this is merely a test for future command, 32:07.492 --> 32:11.492 "or are we personally invested in their success, 32:12.449 --> 32:15.351 "because the mission of the Air Force rides..." 32:15.351 --> 32:17.434 I mean, think about this. 32:18.753 --> 32:20.228 There's a Squadron Commander right now, perhaps, 32:20.228 --> 32:22.190 in this room that's responsible 32:22.190 --> 32:25.313 for the most destructive weaponry on the planet 32:25.313 --> 32:27.480 in the nuclear enterprise. 32:27.879 --> 32:31.046 We got to get that organization right. 32:31.478 --> 32:33.649 And then, how do we manage the talent 32:33.649 --> 32:37.816 of our squadron command team when they succeed wildly? 32:39.628 --> 32:42.356 How do we ensure that we've got the right number 32:42.356 --> 32:44.748 of formations across our Air Force? 32:44.748 --> 32:47.325 I will tell you, across the active, guard, and reserve, 32:47.325 --> 32:48.825 we have upwards of 32:49.224 --> 32:50.807 over 3400 squadrons 32:52.743 --> 32:55.493 of various types and sizes, 3400, 32:58.146 --> 33:00.729 and they range from 40 to 1400. 33:03.486 --> 33:05.414 And so, what General Davis and his team is looking at 33:05.414 --> 33:08.850 is, what is the size of a squadron in the 21st century, 33:08.850 --> 33:11.393 and how do we get it right-sized and resourced 33:11.393 --> 33:13.506 so it can accomplish its mission. 33:13.506 --> 33:15.923 How do we remove the barriers 33:16.490 --> 33:19.148 that Squadron Commanders face today 33:19.148 --> 33:21.319 to getting their mission done? 33:21.319 --> 33:23.723 Because the way I see the organizational chart, 33:23.723 --> 33:24.556 the Secretary and I are at the bottom 33:24.556 --> 33:26.731 and the Squadron Commanders are at the top, 33:26.731 --> 33:27.753 and everybody else is there 33:27.753 --> 33:30.528 to make sure they get their mission done. 33:30.528 --> 33:31.712 What barriers are out there? 33:31.712 --> 33:33.523 Right now, Commanders are faced with upwards 33:33.523 --> 33:36.402 of over 1100 Air Force instructions 33:36.402 --> 33:38.652 of various types and sizes. 33:38.956 --> 33:42.405 I'm not sure at what point you hit the "I believe" button, 33:42.405 --> 33:45.388 but I think it's on the way to 1148. 33:45.388 --> 33:47.246 So, we're doing a review to look at how the AFIs 33:47.246 --> 33:48.523 and all the directive... 33:48.523 --> 33:51.507 How do I push decision authority down to the right level? 33:51.507 --> 33:52.610 If we trust that Commander 33:52.610 --> 33:54.653 with the most destructive weaponry on the planet, by God, 33:54.653 --> 33:58.484 we can trust them with the decision authority as well. 33:58.484 --> 34:00.412 So, this is a holistic look at squadrons 34:00.412 --> 34:02.919 and a laser focus over the course of this year 34:02.919 --> 34:04.462 to look at squadrons and making sure that we get them 34:04.462 --> 34:08.053 as healthy, and it's about revitalizing them 34:08.053 --> 34:10.094 as the heartbeat of our Air Force. 34:10.094 --> 34:11.927 The second focus area, 34:13.125 --> 34:14.727 and you've heard them called big rocks, 34:14.727 --> 34:15.560 and they are big rocks, 34:15.560 --> 34:16.596 because they're big and they're heavy 34:16.596 --> 34:18.848 and it takes all of us together. 34:18.848 --> 34:22.007 And, oh by the way, these are four-year efforts. 34:22.007 --> 34:23.063 These are four-year efforts, 34:23.063 --> 34:26.046 gonna take all of us, working together, over the four years. 34:26.046 --> 34:27.196 The second one is about strengthening 34:27.196 --> 34:30.249 how we develop joint leaders and teams. 34:30.249 --> 34:33.721 Because the days that we can raise an airman 34:33.721 --> 34:36.221 within a functional stovepipe, 34:36.658 --> 34:38.655 and then that airman walks into a room 34:38.655 --> 34:41.197 and sits at the table and sits side-by-side 34:41.197 --> 34:44.054 with our fellow Marines and soldiers and sailors 34:44.054 --> 34:46.039 and Coast Guardsmen, and is responsible 34:46.039 --> 34:47.711 for building a campaign plan 34:47.711 --> 34:49.998 and bringing the airman's voice to the dialogue, 34:49.998 --> 34:52.081 the days that say, "Well, 34:52.179 --> 34:55.346 "I don't really know space," are gone. 34:57.347 --> 34:59.014 Those days are gone. 34:59.599 --> 35:03.766 We own space, and an airman needs to sit at the table 35:04.248 --> 35:07.165 and understand how we employ space. 35:09.061 --> 35:11.592 We need to understand, as airmen, when we sit 35:11.592 --> 35:14.704 at the table and our contributing to campaign design, 35:14.704 --> 35:18.787 that we bring cyber capability and cyber effects. 35:20.358 --> 35:23.691 Most of us grew up in the kinetic world, 35:24.990 --> 35:27.240 placing triangles on a map, 35:28.021 --> 35:31.016 and a triangle would represent a target 35:31.016 --> 35:32.933 that we would go after, 35:32.955 --> 35:36.496 normally, with kinetic and lethal capability. 35:36.496 --> 35:38.586 And then somewhere along the line, 35:38.586 --> 35:41.586 we started placing circles on a map. 35:42.405 --> 35:44.460 And for our cyber warriors and our space warriors, 35:44.460 --> 35:45.644 they know what a circle means, 35:45.644 --> 35:48.019 which is that we've actually studied the enemy, 35:48.019 --> 35:50.213 Command and Control capabilities, 35:50.213 --> 35:52.384 and we now have capabilities to go in 35:52.384 --> 35:54.217 and degrade or destroy 35:55.252 --> 35:56.924 their ability to command and control their forces 35:56.924 --> 36:00.091 and that represents a circle on a map. 36:00.546 --> 36:04.461 Yesterday's airman would look at a circle and a triangle 36:04.461 --> 36:06.433 and determine how I could use that circle 36:06.433 --> 36:10.600 as a complementary fire to support the lethal fire 36:10.647 --> 36:11.480 over here. 36:12.319 --> 36:16.486 Today's airman understands that it's the two together 36:17.683 --> 36:20.504 that creates the effects the nation requires. 36:20.504 --> 36:23.587 Air, space, and cyber pulled together 36:24.929 --> 36:28.346 so that one plus one always equals three. 36:29.931 --> 36:33.848 And so, how we proactively build and strengthen 36:34.088 --> 36:36.084 how we build leaders of the future 36:36.084 --> 36:40.251 that understand the application of air and space and cyber, 36:40.299 --> 36:42.052 and how it knits together, 36:42.052 --> 36:44.339 and then how it connects to the other capabilities 36:44.339 --> 36:45.988 across the joint force, 36:45.988 --> 36:48.821 and how those military capabilities actually knit together 36:48.821 --> 36:52.687 in a whole of government approach that's actually connected 36:52.687 --> 36:55.354 to AID, and Department of State, 36:56.170 --> 36:59.587 and the other elements of national power, 36:59.802 --> 37:01.487 that's the joint leader of the future 37:01.487 --> 37:03.705 that we've got to continue to look at strengthening 37:03.705 --> 37:04.773 how we develop them. 37:04.773 --> 37:07.513 And lest anyone think that we're not doing that today, 37:07.513 --> 37:10.013 let me just give you a visual. 37:10.531 --> 37:11.698 Lori Robinson, 37:13.062 --> 37:13.979 Paul Selva, 37:15.082 --> 37:16.165 Darren McDew, 37:16.917 --> 37:17.834 John Hyten, 37:19.982 --> 37:21.537 don't walk away from this speech thinking 37:21.537 --> 37:25.454 that we don't produce incredible joint leaders. 37:25.589 --> 37:28.329 But, this is about how we enhance the way we develop 37:28.329 --> 37:32.103 our leaders for the future based on the attributes 37:32.103 --> 37:35.686 of future conflict that I laid out for you. 37:37.106 --> 37:38.535 And the third focus area, 37:38.535 --> 37:40.793 brings the CONOPS and technical baseline, 37:40.793 --> 37:42.755 which is Multi-Domain Command and Control, 37:42.755 --> 37:45.169 and it's why it's so perfect to have a AFA convention 37:45.169 --> 37:46.586 focused on fusion 37:50.046 --> 37:54.039 because it's the Multi-Domain Command and Control piece 37:54.039 --> 37:57.012 that will allow us to be able to achieve 37:57.012 --> 38:00.429 all the attributes that I've talked about 38:00.911 --> 38:02.498 and bring them together so that we can be 38:02.498 --> 38:06.581 global chess masters in this security environment 38:06.888 --> 38:09.888 against the challenges that we face. 38:10.862 --> 38:12.534 And, of the three, two of them, actually, 38:12.534 --> 38:16.034 we are handling internal to the Air Force. 38:17.109 --> 38:20.859 The third one is gonna be solved by industry. 38:21.033 --> 38:23.200 Squadrons, we've got that. 38:23.715 --> 38:26.304 Joint leaders and teams, we got that. 38:26.304 --> 38:30.054 Multi-Domain Command and Control, team sport. 38:33.259 --> 38:36.602 So, I put this up because this is an incredible story. 38:36.602 --> 38:38.515 So, it's my honor and privilege to be the last guy 38:38.515 --> 38:40.682 to check out in the F-117. 38:41.106 --> 38:43.243 But what's most important about the F-117 is 38:43.243 --> 38:47.410 how it came to be, and the lesson it provides to all of us. 38:49.129 --> 38:50.638 Because if you know the story of the F-117, 38:50.638 --> 38:52.647 it was actually a scientist named Overholser, 38:52.647 --> 38:56.571 and he was, in his spare time, he would read journals. 38:56.571 --> 38:58.336 When he worked for the Skunk Works, 38:58.336 --> 39:02.353 he would read journals that had been translated into English 39:02.353 --> 39:06.439 and he was reading a 20-year old paper, a Russian paper, 39:06.439 --> 39:10.189 and inside the paper he saw the math equation 39:10.247 --> 39:12.830 that actually produced stealth. 39:13.278 --> 39:15.646 And he walked into his CEO, Ben Rich, at the time, 39:15.646 --> 39:18.676 and he said, "Look, look, I've figured it out," 39:18.676 --> 39:20.998 and he walked in with a Hope Diamond shape 39:20.998 --> 39:23.297 and he put it on the table and he looked at Mr. Rich 39:23.297 --> 39:25.797 and he says, "I can make this, 39:26.455 --> 39:28.835 "I can make this object have the radar return 39:28.835 --> 39:30.835 of the eye of an eagle." 39:31.772 --> 39:33.003 And so, Ben Rich looked at him and said, 39:33.003 --> 39:35.586 "Well, can you get it airborne? 39:36.915 --> 39:39.248 He said, "Well, we can try." 39:39.296 --> 39:41.838 And so, while the team was moving forward 39:41.838 --> 39:44.421 to build what became Have Blue, 39:44.963 --> 39:47.463 Ben Rich came to the Pentagon. 39:48.235 --> 39:51.498 And he sat down in what's now my conference room 39:51.498 --> 39:52.972 with the Chief of Staff of the Air Force 39:52.972 --> 39:56.336 and the Secretary of Defense, Bill Perry. 39:56.336 --> 39:59.586 And, I always keep one of these for me. 40:00.114 --> 40:04.281 He took out a marble, and he rolled it across the table. 40:06.370 --> 40:09.365 And Secretary Perry said, "What's that?" 40:09.365 --> 40:11.102 He said, "That's the radar cross-section of what 40:11.102 --> 40:13.185 "I'm about to build you." 40:14.017 --> 40:17.184 And the rest, as they say, is history. 40:18.549 --> 40:21.382 So, what's the moral of the story? 40:22.324 --> 40:26.491 We didn't think of stealth in the United States military. 40:27.105 --> 40:29.799 It wasn't even on our radar, so to speak. 40:29.799 --> 40:32.527 (audience laughing) 40:32.527 --> 40:35.194 Industry came up with that idea, 40:35.801 --> 40:39.301 and they rolled it across the table at us, 40:39.656 --> 40:42.396 which brings up question number two. 40:42.396 --> 40:44.852 Are we the institution is ready 40:44.852 --> 40:47.388 to accept the great ideas that industry is about 40:47.388 --> 40:49.755 to roll our way and continues to roll our way? 40:49.755 --> 40:52.447 Or, are we an organization that the marble 40:52.447 --> 40:55.864 dies 15 bureaucratic deaths along the way 40:56.617 --> 40:57.964 and actually never gets to someone 40:57.964 --> 41:00.131 who can take action on it. 41:00.780 --> 41:03.030 We're the barrier breakers. 41:03.745 --> 41:04.578 70 years. 41:06.184 --> 41:07.684 It's in our blood. 41:08.146 --> 41:12.313 We've got to be the organization that accepts the marble, 41:12.766 --> 41:14.016 and acts on it. 41:14.554 --> 41:18.721 And for industry, the marble I'm asking you to roll our way 41:19.547 --> 41:22.693 is getting at Multi-Domain Command and Control. 41:22.693 --> 41:23.552 So, let's talk a little bit, 41:23.552 --> 41:27.302 because it can mean all things to all people. 41:29.155 --> 41:32.238 So, I start with a problem statement. 41:32.898 --> 41:36.381 Victory in future conflict, as I've described it for you, 41:36.381 --> 41:40.389 will go to that leader who can command and control his, 41:40.389 --> 41:43.889 or her, forces to create multiple dilemmas 41:45.031 --> 41:49.198 from multiple domains and achieve a decision speed 41:49.907 --> 41:54.074 that is able to maneuver forces, both kinetic and non, 41:54.075 --> 41:56.825 at a pace an adversary can never, 41:56.896 --> 42:00.646 that would overwhelm any enemy on the planet, 42:00.832 --> 42:04.999 while denying that enemy the ability to do the same. 42:05.011 --> 42:09.011 I believe that's deterrence in the 21st century, 42:09.075 --> 42:12.836 and our ability to be able to harness all that together 42:12.836 --> 42:15.948 is gonna be based on three elements of, what I call, 42:15.948 --> 42:17.564 Multi-Domain Command and Control. 42:17.564 --> 42:19.932 And, I will tell you if we starting thinking about this 42:19.932 --> 42:23.099 as a place, we're already too limited. 42:23.868 --> 42:25.377 If we start thinking about this as a bunch 42:25.377 --> 42:28.280 of computer screens in a place some place, 42:28.280 --> 42:31.530 we are already too narrow in our focus. 42:31.879 --> 42:33.296 This is a CONOPS. 42:34.096 --> 42:36.263 This is a way of thinking, 42:37.034 --> 42:38.531 and there's three key elements to them, 42:38.531 --> 42:41.550 and the first is how do we achieve situational awareness 42:41.550 --> 42:44.883 and present that information to a leader 42:45.230 --> 42:47.552 in a way that the leader could then make decisions 42:47.552 --> 42:51.035 at the speed that's required for the future of conflict, 42:51.035 --> 42:53.705 and then maneuver forces and create effects. 42:53.705 --> 42:55.668 So, let's unpack each of those. 42:55.668 --> 42:58.454 Let's talk about situational awareness. 42:58.454 --> 43:00.393 So, we sense the globe, think about it, 43:00.393 --> 43:04.560 from six domains, air, land, sea, space, cyber and undersea. 43:05.211 --> 43:07.294 We collect far more data, 43:09.402 --> 43:12.362 the volume of data that we already collect today 43:12.362 --> 43:16.529 is far greater than anyone could actually analyze. 43:17.292 --> 43:18.817 So now, through some of the technologies 43:18.817 --> 43:20.489 that are already here, 43:20.489 --> 43:22.335 that industry is already working with, 43:22.335 --> 43:25.551 artificial intelligence, human-machine teaming, 43:25.551 --> 43:28.218 machine-to-machine capabilities. 43:29.115 --> 43:32.366 How do we actually create that common operating picture 43:32.366 --> 43:35.652 and present it in a way that leaders can then act 43:35.652 --> 43:37.235 and make decisions. 43:38.357 --> 43:40.481 That's the first challenge, here, 43:40.481 --> 43:42.768 but we're already there in some ways. 43:42.768 --> 43:44.324 So, back to the F-117. 43:44.324 --> 43:47.784 When I flew the F-117, and we went into combat, 43:47.784 --> 43:49.258 there were three attributes of how to fly 43:49.258 --> 43:51.341 first-generation stealth. 43:51.580 --> 43:53.330 It was single domain. 43:53.775 --> 43:56.805 It was a closed system, and it was sequential. 43:56.805 --> 43:58.407 It was air only, there was never a plan to do this 43:58.407 --> 44:00.497 as a multi-component plan. 44:00.497 --> 44:03.080 The F-117 would fly on its own. 44:03.945 --> 44:04.885 It was a closed system. 44:04.885 --> 44:05.942 I actually had a switch in the cockpit 44:05.942 --> 44:07.010 called the stealth switch. 44:07.010 --> 44:08.194 When I flipped the switch, guess what? 44:08.194 --> 44:09.216 All the antennas stowed, 44:09.216 --> 44:10.888 and the last defensive maneuver I would do, 44:10.888 --> 44:12.388 I'd lower my seat. 44:16.232 --> 44:18.156 And, it was single domain, 44:18.156 --> 44:19.630 and there was never a plan for me to actually work 44:19.630 --> 44:21.023 with other, right? 44:21.023 --> 44:23.403 So, think about the F-35, today. 44:23.403 --> 44:25.249 It starts doing machine-to-machine language 44:25.249 --> 44:27.664 and talking back and forth in the net 44:27.664 --> 44:30.581 before the pilot climbs the ladder. 44:33.365 --> 44:37.532 At a recent Red Flag, this is the way the operation 44:37.672 --> 44:39.255 actually went down. 44:39.588 --> 44:41.886 So, two o'clock in the morning, 44:41.886 --> 44:44.986 F-35s, 100 aircraft are taxiing at night for a mission, 44:44.986 --> 44:47.239 100 aircraft over the Nellis ranges. 44:47.239 --> 44:51.174 The cyber war was raging before they ever got airborne. 44:51.174 --> 44:52.974 Deployed cyber mission team, 44:52.974 --> 44:56.236 deployed cyber protection team, on the cyber range, 44:56.236 --> 44:57.792 using actual capabilities, 44:57.792 --> 44:59.835 and, oh by the way, the Mission Commander had laid out 44:59.835 --> 45:03.713 the entire lay down of the enemy Command and Control system 45:03.713 --> 45:05.022 and had all put that and integrated 45:05.022 --> 45:06.656 into the overall operational plan. 45:06.656 --> 45:08.323 Triangle and zeroes. 45:10.011 --> 45:11.323 As they got airborne and put the gear up, 45:11.323 --> 45:12.670 the space war was raging 45:12.670 --> 45:16.003 and we're using actual space techniques. 45:16.826 --> 45:19.613 And that F-35 driver, young Captain, 45:19.613 --> 45:22.352 has now have that information displayed in a way 45:22.352 --> 45:25.685 that has not been displayed in the past. 45:25.801 --> 45:27.882 And, he's getting real-time feeds on how the space 45:27.882 --> 45:29.980 and the cyber war is going and he's calling audibles 45:29.980 --> 45:32.897 before they even drop off the boom. 45:33.138 --> 45:35.472 And then, 100 aircraft go in against the highest, 45:35.472 --> 45:38.212 the highest levels of integrated aero-defense 45:38.212 --> 45:39.605 that we could ever throw them up against 45:39.605 --> 45:41.272 on big dollar night. 45:42.438 --> 45:43.900 And, right in the middle of the fight, 45:43.900 --> 45:45.839 he's told that there's a convoy coming down the middle 45:45.839 --> 45:49.439 of the formation, and he's got to call an audible. 45:49.439 --> 45:50.797 He's got to re-maneuver forces, 45:50.797 --> 45:52.074 during the middle of the fight, 45:52.074 --> 45:54.721 100 aircraft against a robust DIADS. 45:54.721 --> 45:58.804 He's got to reposition forces to be able to find, 45:58.808 --> 46:01.548 fix, and finish a high-value target 46:01.548 --> 46:03.798 in the middle of the range. 46:03.800 --> 46:07.633 While that was going on, an F-16 was shot down 46:07.771 --> 46:10.441 and he had to orchestrate an entire Combat Search 46:10.441 --> 46:12.274 and Rescue, simulated, 46:14.023 --> 46:15.967 as part of the organization, right. 46:15.967 --> 46:18.384 While that CSAR was going on, 46:18.738 --> 46:22.655 he had a soft insertion going on, and the F-35, 46:25.128 --> 46:27.461 using human-machine teaming, 46:28.204 --> 46:30.371 and displays on his visor, 46:30.700 --> 46:32.871 and displays that were replicated, 46:32.871 --> 46:36.262 in other Command and Control agencies helped 46:36.262 --> 46:39.762 that F-35 pilot perform as the quarterback 46:39.849 --> 46:43.142 of the joint team as they went in to accomplish all 46:43.142 --> 46:45.725 of these simultaneous missions. 46:46.931 --> 46:51.098 So, when I talk to you about situational awareness, 46:51.169 --> 46:53.328 this was an example at the tactical level 46:53.328 --> 46:55.911 to produce operational effects. 46:56.846 --> 47:00.317 But what we need to think about is that same mindset 47:00.317 --> 47:04.102 of information display of a common operating picture 47:04.102 --> 47:06.099 and a common intelligence picture 47:06.099 --> 47:08.770 to produce the situational awareness we need 47:08.770 --> 47:10.353 for the next fight. 47:10.719 --> 47:11.969 Decision speed. 47:12.159 --> 47:13.742 I can't think of... 47:15.009 --> 47:17.151 Let me take that one down for a minute. 47:17.151 --> 47:18.484 I can't think of 47:20.886 --> 47:23.838 a mission that would be more important, 47:23.838 --> 47:25.359 in terms of decision speed, 47:25.359 --> 47:27.859 than Combat Search and Rescue, 47:28.715 --> 47:29.771 because there is somebody on the ground 47:29.771 --> 47:32.616 that requires a pick up and every moment counts. 47:32.616 --> 47:34.415 And we often think about a Combat Search and Rescue 47:34.415 --> 47:36.540 in terms of what happens at the very end, 47:36.540 --> 47:38.223 but what we really need to think about is the network 47:38.223 --> 47:41.706 that went into play, and the decisions that were able 47:41.706 --> 47:44.075 to come to play to be able to perform that. 47:44.075 --> 47:46.095 Because here's what really happens 47:46.095 --> 47:49.079 when you're doing a Combat Search and Rescue 47:49.079 --> 47:52.666 especially if it's with someone that's injured. 47:52.666 --> 47:53.572 The first thing that happens is 47:53.572 --> 47:56.288 we apply immediate combat care at the point of injury. 47:56.288 --> 47:59.254 And those of you in the medical profession 47:59.254 --> 48:02.384 know that when you talk about the golden hour, 48:02.384 --> 48:03.893 it's that immediate combat care that's probably 48:03.893 --> 48:06.470 as important as anything else we do. 48:06.470 --> 48:07.329 And then what happens? 48:07.329 --> 48:11.091 Somebody keys a mike on a radio, handheld radio, 48:11.091 --> 48:12.473 Valley of the Hindu Kush, 48:12.473 --> 48:14.644 10,000 foot mountains on both sides. 48:14.644 --> 48:16.443 You key a microphone on a little handheld radio, 48:16.443 --> 48:17.453 battery about that big, 48:17.453 --> 48:20.414 and somebody answers you from 1,000 miles away. 48:20.414 --> 48:21.247 How's that happen? 48:21.247 --> 48:22.080 Magic. 48:22.297 --> 48:24.582 No, actually, it's not magic. 48:24.582 --> 48:26.300 Signal was bounced off an airborne layer 48:26.300 --> 48:27.496 that we put over the top. 48:27.496 --> 48:28.329 It was amplified. 48:28.329 --> 48:29.586 It was bounced into its constellation. 48:29.586 --> 48:31.908 It was bounced across the constellation that our airmen 48:31.908 --> 48:33.835 are flying today at Schriever Air Force Base 48:33.835 --> 48:36.006 and it was simulcast into every Command and Control agency 48:36.006 --> 48:38.506 that was connected to the net. 48:39.094 --> 48:39.953 And then what happens? 48:39.953 --> 48:42.036 Somebody jumped on cyber, 48:42.438 --> 48:44.742 and they started typing in and talking about 48:44.742 --> 48:46.606 exactly what was required, what was the patient, 48:46.606 --> 48:49.218 what was the blood type, what was the injuries? 48:49.218 --> 48:51.366 And while that was going on, and an HH-60's, 48:51.366 --> 48:53.665 they're spinning up and the PJs are grabbing all their kit, 48:53.665 --> 48:55.383 and running out to the helicopter. 48:55.383 --> 48:57.960 While that was going on, the network is going 48:57.960 --> 49:02.024 and continuing, right, because now we've moved ISR overhead, 49:02.024 --> 49:03.707 and now we're cataloging where the enemy is, 49:03.707 --> 49:06.509 where the egress route, where the ingress route is, 49:06.509 --> 49:08.592 where the friendlies are, 49:09.187 --> 49:11.520 how hot the landing zone is. 49:12.531 --> 49:14.679 And we're connected that to overhead space capabilities, 49:14.679 --> 49:15.933 and they're contributing as well 49:15.933 --> 49:19.425 through Command and Control agencies that are distributed 49:19.425 --> 49:20.842 across the globe. 49:21.982 --> 49:24.118 And while that's going on, we put Airborne Mission Commander 49:24.118 --> 49:27.345 over the top, that starts coordinating all the assets. 49:27.345 --> 49:29.702 This is all happening simultaneously. 49:29.702 --> 49:33.429 And while that was happening, a critical care team 49:33.429 --> 49:36.355 was jumping on a C-17, jumping into the first, 49:36.355 --> 49:39.849 and scrambling to launch the first piece of concrete, 49:39.849 --> 49:42.264 and what I just described for you is a network, 49:42.264 --> 49:46.347 air, land, space, and cyber, all coming together, 49:47.721 --> 49:51.721 all coming together in a network to save a life. 49:53.410 --> 49:56.327 So, I would argue that we get this. 49:56.684 --> 49:58.825 But against the attributes of conflict, 49:58.825 --> 50:02.907 in the global security environment I've described, 50:02.907 --> 50:05.194 we do have to think about new ways of doing 50:05.194 --> 50:06.361 in the future. 50:08.584 --> 50:12.167 So, some of you may recognize this picture. 50:12.195 --> 50:14.076 This is what the Uber picture looked like 50:14.076 --> 50:17.159 when I got off the airplane in Tampa. 50:19.751 --> 50:22.001 Common operational picture. 50:24.107 --> 50:28.274 So, think about the way this technology already works. 50:30.538 --> 50:33.522 So, you can pick up, and get a common operational picture 50:33.522 --> 50:36.605 of what assets are in the local area. 50:36.819 --> 50:40.069 You can choose an asset that you prefer 50:40.140 --> 50:42.390 based on a set of criteria. 50:42.717 --> 50:46.290 Then you get information displayed for you, 50:46.290 --> 50:47.873 driver, background, 50:49.525 --> 50:51.775 kind of car, license plate, 50:53.043 --> 50:54.505 and then once you select that, 50:54.505 --> 50:58.672 you can actually watch, and many of you have done this, 50:58.801 --> 51:01.718 the vehicle approach your position, 51:02.110 --> 51:05.610 and talk to the individual if you need to. 51:06.243 --> 51:09.326 Are we looking at the future of CSAR? 51:12.222 --> 51:15.305 Why couldn't, if I'm in bad-guy land, 51:15.508 --> 51:17.795 I get a common operational picture 51:17.795 --> 51:21.905 and know what assets are out there, manned, unmanned, 51:21.905 --> 51:24.238 flying, rolling, submerging? 51:26.479 --> 51:30.646 Why couldn't I take that to a point where a decision maker 51:31.462 --> 51:33.993 could see that operational picture? 51:33.993 --> 51:37.429 Why couldn't I know, on a display like that, 51:37.429 --> 51:40.657 where the enemy was, where the friendly was, 51:40.657 --> 51:43.824 and communicate, through secure means, 51:45.104 --> 51:47.936 to do a Combat Search and Rescue in the future? 51:47.936 --> 51:51.209 So, when I talk about industry, us working together on this, 51:51.209 --> 51:55.376 there are technologies that you're already perfecting 51:55.436 --> 51:58.436 that is gonna help us in the future. 52:04.829 --> 52:06.087 So, when we talk about the third element 52:06.087 --> 52:08.254 which is creating effects, 52:09.812 --> 52:13.562 the effects that we're talking about creating 52:14.279 --> 52:18.446 are our ability to be able to bring forces to bear, 52:18.877 --> 52:22.544 to be able to impact the operational picture 52:24.055 --> 52:25.888 that we're looking at. 52:28.339 --> 52:32.130 And Hawk Carlisle, General Carlisle, showed a video, 52:32.130 --> 52:35.463 earlier, of what that picture looks like 52:37.685 --> 52:41.768 when it comes to bringing all the forces to bear, 52:42.259 --> 52:44.598 to be able to achieve situational awareness, 52:44.598 --> 52:47.515 decision speed, and actual effects. 52:50.294 --> 52:52.755 And so, we put together a short video 52:52.755 --> 52:54.879 that brings it all together, brings it all home, 52:54.879 --> 52:57.271 and it's very similar to the one you saw this morning 52:57.271 --> 53:00.185 in terms of what this could look like in the future. 53:00.185 --> 53:01.938 If you'd roll the video. 53:01.938 --> 53:05.021 (steel guitar music) 53:13.533 --> 53:15.835 ^- Radar has detected an unknown aircraft approaching 53:15.835 --> 53:18.181 friendly airspace, Alpha, Zulu, Foxtrot, 53:18.181 --> 53:19.783 requesting ISR assets. 53:19.783 --> 53:21.141 ^- Unknown aircraft confirmed. 53:21.141 --> 53:22.952 ^Infrared indicates possible ground movement 53:22.952 --> 53:25.599 ^with associated enemy radar emissions. 53:25.599 --> 53:27.303 Working to pinpoint exact coordinates. 53:27.303 --> 53:29.338 UACS continuing to monitor the situation. 53:29.338 --> 53:31.509 Sending information to ground Command and Control. 53:31.509 --> 53:33.715 ^- Deploying Bravo Company to intercept. 53:33.715 --> 53:35.839 ^- Cyber intrusion has been auto-detected, 53:35.839 --> 53:37.964 ^thwarted, and the counter cyber response options 53:37.964 --> 53:39.729 are cued up and ready for approval. 53:39.729 --> 53:42.225 - We have potential locations for adversary mobile SAMS. 53:42.225 --> 53:44.187 Transmitting image for analysis. 53:44.187 --> 53:45.824 Precise coordinates identified. 53:45.824 --> 53:48.785 Sending to air, ground, and Naval Command and Control. 53:48.785 --> 53:49.618 Requesting standoff weapons. 53:49.618 --> 53:52.256 - B-52s airborne, standing by for satellite launch. 53:52.256 --> 53:54.206 - High mobility auxiliary rockets system standing by. 53:54.206 --> 53:55.727 - Tomahawk landing site missiles standing by. 53:55.727 --> 53:57.913 EC130 and EA18 G in the air 53:57.913 --> 54:00.743 to facilitate standoff weapon ingress. 54:00.743 --> 54:02.062 Our communications are jammed. 54:02.062 --> 54:03.456 - Cyber control has successfully 54:03.456 --> 54:05.336 infiltrated the adversary area network. 54:05.336 --> 54:06.974 Command and Control is degraded. 54:06.974 --> 54:09.307 - Launching F-22s and F-35s. 54:12.063 --> 54:14.299 - Surface-to-air missile launch detected. 54:14.299 --> 54:17.581 Lightening One requests strike of active SAM. 54:17.581 --> 54:20.414 - The F-35s already took them out. 54:22.415 --> 54:25.498 ^- Raptor Two, you're clear to engage. 54:27.291 --> 54:28.603 - So you look at this and you think about it, 54:28.603 --> 54:31.520 and you think, "Man, this is hard." 54:32.399 --> 54:33.316 It is hard. 54:34.582 --> 54:37.392 But here's what we need to think about. 54:37.392 --> 54:41.409 Historically, the way we've approached the business 54:41.409 --> 54:44.326 of procuring weapon system has been 54:44.509 --> 54:47.934 to focus first on the trucks and the cargo, 54:47.934 --> 54:51.544 and then think about the highway they drive on. 54:51.544 --> 54:53.627 And, I would offer to you 54:53.750 --> 54:56.328 that the way we need to think in the future is 54:56.328 --> 55:00.245 to first start the discussion with the highway, 55:01.053 --> 55:03.549 because what rides on that highway is merely an app 55:03.549 --> 55:04.799 or an aperture, 55:05.523 --> 55:09.023 and some of those fly, some of them float, 55:10.352 --> 55:13.435 some of them orbit, some of them run, 55:13.742 --> 55:16.552 some of them are old, some of them are new, 55:16.552 --> 55:20.546 some of them are manned, some of them are unmanned. 55:20.546 --> 55:24.308 The question for us is how do we connect them together 55:24.308 --> 55:26.397 in the most meaningful ways 55:26.397 --> 55:28.557 to create the effects we need 55:28.557 --> 55:32.724 so we can overwhelm our adversaries in future conflict. 55:33.746 --> 55:36.913 It's hard, but it's absolutely doable, 55:37.555 --> 55:40.875 and it's gonna be an industry partnership 55:40.875 --> 55:44.857 with the Air Force that is gonna bring this to bear. 55:44.857 --> 55:48.514 And I know we can do this because it's in our blood. 55:48.514 --> 55:49.847 It's who we are. 55:50.871 --> 55:53.621 So, this is an interesting quote. 55:56.897 --> 56:00.064 So, in 1903, this was what was written 56:00.624 --> 56:02.457 in the New York Times. 56:05.523 --> 56:07.606 On that day, on that day, 56:09.215 --> 56:12.132 in 1903, this was the journal entry 56:16.635 --> 56:18.635 for the Wright brothers. 56:19.791 --> 56:21.041 We can do this. 56:23.715 --> 56:27.298 Ben Rich is watching from above, right now, 56:27.674 --> 56:29.257 and he's wondering, 56:30.449 --> 56:33.234 "Are we ready to accept the marble?" 56:33.234 --> 56:37.151 And, I will offer to you, let the marbles roll. 56:37.693 --> 56:38.680 Thank you very much. 56:38.680 --> 56:41.680 (audience clapping) 56:57.570 --> 56:58.897 - Thank you General Goldfein. 56:58.897 --> 57:00.228 A great presentation. 57:00.228 --> 57:03.119 We've got time for a few questions. 57:03.119 --> 57:04.536 The first one is, 57:04.594 --> 57:07.334 media has reported that you want the Air Force 57:07.334 --> 57:10.501 to be the leader, the leader in space. 57:11.143 --> 57:13.011 Is it your intent to take responsibility 57:13.011 --> 57:15.507 from other services, proposing a different way 57:15.507 --> 57:18.235 of doing business regarding organization, budget, 57:18.235 --> 57:19.068 systems? 57:19.791 --> 57:21.291 - Not in that way. 57:22.612 --> 57:25.440 So, here's the way I think about it. 57:25.440 --> 57:29.607 So, as the Air Component Commander in Central Command, 57:30.971 --> 57:34.292 my job was to be the space coordinating authority. 57:34.292 --> 57:36.068 And so what that meant was I had an obligation 57:36.068 --> 57:38.356 as an airman, with the Command and Control agency 57:38.356 --> 57:41.386 that actually brought space capabilities to bear, 57:41.386 --> 57:43.243 to ensure that I was the connective tissue 57:43.243 --> 57:47.342 between response requirements of the Component Commanders 57:47.342 --> 57:48.735 and their operational missions, 57:48.735 --> 57:52.833 and the Combatant Commander and our space capabilities. 57:52.833 --> 57:54.551 So, the way I look at this now, actually, 57:54.551 --> 57:57.860 is taking that same obligation as the Joint Chief 57:57.860 --> 58:01.332 responsible for the preponderance of the space force, 58:01.332 --> 58:03.166 and in my responsibility to organize, train, 58:03.166 --> 58:05.987 and equip and present ready space forces 58:05.987 --> 58:07.587 to the Combatant Commander, 58:07.587 --> 58:10.051 which could be General John Hyten 58:10.051 --> 58:13.743 but it also could be geographic Combatant Commander. 58:13.743 --> 58:16.936 So, this is not about us taking control, 58:16.936 --> 58:19.188 it's about us as the force that's been the stewards 58:19.188 --> 58:22.938 of space since 1954 fulfilling our obligation 58:24.946 --> 58:27.768 to the joint force as a member of the joint team 58:27.768 --> 58:29.935 that brings space to bear. 58:30.705 --> 58:32.969 And so, working with General Raymond, 58:32.969 --> 58:37.136 and our Secretary, we're in a rather robust dialogue, 58:37.787 --> 58:41.954 right now, about the future of the organization of space. 58:42.036 --> 58:43.998 And again, back to a problem statement. 58:43.998 --> 58:47.586 The reality is that space has become a contested 58:47.586 --> 58:49.253 and congested place. 58:49.548 --> 58:52.288 It is no longer where we merely monitor 58:52.288 --> 58:54.205 and observe and report. 58:54.366 --> 58:57.512 It is a place where we have to be prepared to fight 58:57.512 --> 58:59.845 if a war extends into space. 58:59.950 --> 59:01.959 And, oh by the way, quoting General John Hyten, 59:01.959 --> 59:04.037 "There's no such thing as war in space. 59:04.037 --> 59:05.620 "There's just war." 59:06.461 --> 59:08.961 But, it may extend into space, 59:09.308 --> 59:12.013 and we're the service that has got to be responsible 59:12.013 --> 59:14.513 as an obligation, as I see it, 59:14.707 --> 59:17.145 to ensure that we understand and are organized 59:17.145 --> 59:19.562 to be able to fight in space. 59:19.676 --> 59:22.625 Space is a joint war fighting domain, 59:22.625 --> 59:24.633 and we know how in domains. 59:24.633 --> 59:26.514 We know how to fight in the maritime domain. 59:26.514 --> 59:27.745 We know how to fight in the air domain. 59:27.745 --> 59:29.835 We know how to fight in the land domain, 59:29.835 --> 59:32.749 and we know how to fight in the space domain, 59:32.749 --> 59:36.162 and it's my position that the more we integrate space 59:36.162 --> 59:39.506 across the joint force, we move in the right direction. 59:39.506 --> 59:43.033 The more of those try to separate, or segregate, 59:43.033 --> 59:45.404 space into something that's unique and different 59:45.404 --> 59:48.132 with its own lexicon, are moving it 59:48.132 --> 59:50.593 in exactly the wrong direction. 59:50.593 --> 59:53.832 So, the Secretary and I are involved in this discussion, 59:53.832 --> 59:55.922 and we built a framework for this dialogue 59:55.922 --> 59:58.339 that asks four key questions. 59:58.952 --> 01:00:03.119 How do we ensure that we get sound strategy and policy 01:00:03.422 --> 01:00:05.339 for operating in space? 01:00:05.512 --> 01:00:08.929 From that policy, how do we drive CONOPS, 01:00:09.843 --> 01:00:11.260 and requirements? 01:00:12.223 --> 01:00:15.263 And from those requirements, how do we acquire, 01:00:15.263 --> 01:00:19.180 in a way that keeps us ahead of our adversaries 01:00:19.955 --> 01:00:22.161 who are also investing in space, 01:00:22.161 --> 01:00:25.376 and then, how do we organize, train, and equip a force 01:00:25.376 --> 01:00:27.478 and present that force to a Combatant Commander 01:00:27.478 --> 01:00:30.090 to fight in space should a war extend there? 01:00:30.090 --> 01:00:30.923 - Great. 01:00:31.251 --> 01:00:32.842 I promise you I didn't write this question, 01:00:32.842 --> 01:00:35.267 because you and I've talked about this before. 01:00:35.267 --> 01:00:37.474 But when it comes to nuclear modernization, 01:00:37.474 --> 01:00:39.724 cost estimates vary widely. 01:00:39.761 --> 01:00:41.677 How does nuclear modernization rack and stack 01:00:41.677 --> 01:00:43.511 with other Air Force priorities 01:00:43.511 --> 01:00:45.474 and can we really afford it? 01:00:45.474 --> 01:00:48.057 - We can't afford not to do it. 01:00:49.189 --> 01:00:50.022 And I'll tell you why. 01:00:50.022 --> 01:00:51.476 If you take a look at the nuclear enterprise 01:00:51.476 --> 01:00:53.937 and how it came to be, it actually didn't start all at once. 01:00:53.937 --> 01:00:55.365 It was grown over time. 01:00:55.365 --> 01:00:57.699 So, we started with a bomber and a bomb. 01:00:57.699 --> 01:01:00.636 That migrated, eventually, into a missile field, 01:01:00.636 --> 01:01:03.121 and then from missiles, we went into submarines. 01:01:03.121 --> 01:01:05.118 And, we built each leg of the triad 01:01:05.118 --> 01:01:07.904 to achieve a certain attribute that we needed 01:01:07.904 --> 01:01:11.821 as a nation to do strategic nuclear deterrence. 01:01:12.447 --> 01:01:15.996 And then, we connected all of that through this mechanism 01:01:15.996 --> 01:01:20.163 and this enterprise called Nuclear Command and Control. 01:01:20.814 --> 01:01:23.949 And General Robin Rand is the one that we placed responsible 01:01:23.949 --> 01:01:26.155 for two-thirds of the triad, 01:01:26.155 --> 01:01:28.245 and most of the Nuclear Command and Control. 01:01:28.245 --> 01:01:31.170 But, you got to understand the attributes, 01:01:31.170 --> 01:01:33.503 and the attributes we built was, first of all, 01:01:33.503 --> 01:01:36.906 the missiles are the most responsive leg of the triad. 01:01:36.906 --> 01:01:38.206 It's the one the Commander in Chief can get 01:01:38.206 --> 01:01:40.586 at the quickest if he needs to respond, 01:01:40.586 --> 01:01:42.804 and it has a cost imposing strategy on it, 01:01:42.804 --> 01:01:44.441 anybody who'd want to take those out, 01:01:44.441 --> 01:01:45.799 because you've got to take out 450 01:01:45.799 --> 01:01:48.132 that are very deeply buried. 01:01:48.667 --> 01:01:50.141 The bomber leg is the most flexible. 01:01:50.141 --> 01:01:51.116 It's the one you can call back. 01:01:51.116 --> 01:01:52.393 It's the one that you can change yields. 01:01:52.393 --> 01:01:54.472 It's the one you can deploy forward, 01:01:54.472 --> 01:01:56.724 and it builds flexibility into the nuclear detterent 01:01:56.724 --> 01:01:58.779 in the triad, and then the submarine force 01:01:58.779 --> 01:02:00.370 is the most survivable. 01:02:00.370 --> 01:02:02.787 On our worst day as a nation, 01:02:03.028 --> 01:02:05.307 the submarine force is the one part of the triad 01:02:05.307 --> 01:02:06.140 that will... 01:02:06.140 --> 01:02:08.067 Now, every leg of the triad has all three 01:02:08.067 --> 01:02:09.576 of those attributes, 01:02:09.576 --> 01:02:13.743 but the primary attributes are all three of those legs. 01:02:13.908 --> 01:02:16.008 So, I would argue that we can't afford not to invest 01:02:16.008 --> 01:02:19.303 in that because we got to remind ourselves 01:02:19.303 --> 01:02:22.429 that if you take a look at World War I 01:02:22.429 --> 01:02:26.012 and World War II, we lost 75 million people 01:02:26.515 --> 01:02:28.432 in those two conflicts. 01:02:28.640 --> 01:02:32.657 When you do the math, that equals 33,000 people died 01:02:32.657 --> 01:02:35.990 every single day of those two conflicts. 01:02:38.009 --> 01:02:40.378 Since we've had nuclear weapons, 01:02:40.378 --> 01:02:42.827 no two nuclear countries have gone to war 01:02:42.827 --> 01:02:45.439 and we haven't seen anything close to that kind of 01:02:45.439 --> 01:02:47.522 loss of life and tragedy. 01:02:47.529 --> 01:02:50.745 So, I would argue that we can't afford not to do it. 01:02:50.745 --> 01:02:53.792 And quoting my battle buddy, General Mark Milley, 01:02:53.792 --> 01:02:55.310 I'm gonna use his quote because it's a great one. 01:02:55.310 --> 01:02:58.837 He says, "You know, the only thing more expensive 01:02:58.837 --> 01:03:01.087 "than fighting a war is..." 01:03:01.612 --> 01:03:04.387 "The only thing more expensive than deterrents 01:03:04.387 --> 01:03:05.970 "is fighting a war, 01:03:06.024 --> 01:03:07.848 "and the only thing more expensive than fighting a war 01:03:07.848 --> 01:03:09.348 "is losing a war." 01:03:10.426 --> 01:03:13.444 - Thanks, we have time for a final question. 01:03:13.444 --> 01:03:16.962 What do you see the role of cyber being in future conflict? 01:03:16.962 --> 01:03:18.045 - Well, I ... 01:03:18.680 --> 01:03:20.513 Circles and triangles. 01:03:21.589 --> 01:03:23.740 I mean really, think about it. 01:03:23.740 --> 01:03:26.552 When we walk in and sit down in a room, 01:03:26.552 --> 01:03:27.864 we bring the capability, 01:03:27.864 --> 01:03:30.360 the asymmetric advantage of the nation 01:03:30.360 --> 01:03:33.518 to be able to tie together air, space, and cyber 01:03:33.518 --> 01:03:37.396 in ways that our young airmen are thinking about now 01:03:37.396 --> 01:03:39.648 that continues to advance us 01:03:39.648 --> 01:03:43.815 on terms of how we create multiple dilemmas for adversaries. 01:03:45.128 --> 01:03:47.612 And so, as we continue to refine capabilities 01:03:47.612 --> 01:03:49.830 and our understanding of cyber, 01:03:49.830 --> 01:03:51.641 not only does it give us capabilities 01:03:51.641 --> 01:03:53.847 from an offensive standpoint, 01:03:53.847 --> 01:03:55.554 it also gives us greater capabilities 01:03:55.554 --> 01:03:57.887 from a defensive standpoint. 01:03:58.869 --> 01:04:01.788 You know, General Pawlikowski spends a lot of her time 01:04:01.788 --> 01:04:05.955 thinking about cyber security and cyber resilience. 01:04:06.862 --> 01:04:10.252 But as we take a look at deterrents in the 21st century, 01:04:10.252 --> 01:04:13.398 and you take a look at how we operate as a service 01:04:13.398 --> 01:04:15.801 that has global responsibilities, 01:04:15.801 --> 01:04:17.357 with global reach, and global vigilance, 01:04:17.357 --> 01:04:18.774 and global power. 01:04:19.075 --> 01:04:21.095 I would offer that when you actually take a look 01:04:21.095 --> 01:04:23.963 at the nuclear deterrent, and add to that 01:04:23.963 --> 01:04:25.589 capabilities that we have in cyber 01:04:25.589 --> 01:04:28.422 and in space and in other domains, 01:04:28.630 --> 01:04:30.801 there's a broader discussion about deterrents 01:04:30.801 --> 01:04:34.017 in the 21st century and cyber is absolutely essential 01:04:34.017 --> 01:04:34.850 to that. 01:04:35.445 --> 01:04:37.695 - Thank you so much, Chief. 01:04:38.006 --> 01:04:39.799 I don't know how many of you have the opportunity, 01:04:39.799 --> 01:04:41.877 like I have had, to work with 01:04:41.877 --> 01:04:45.960 and for several Chiefs of Staff of the Air Force. 01:04:46.765 --> 01:04:48.598 Two of those are here. 01:04:48.936 --> 01:04:52.291 I remember at Air Combat Command, General Jumper taught me 01:04:52.291 --> 01:04:53.511 that the most important thing we did 01:04:53.511 --> 01:04:56.657 at Air Combat Command was fixing and flying airplanes. 01:04:56.657 --> 01:05:00.756 General Welsh taught me that every airman has a story, 01:05:00.756 --> 01:05:02.439 and we need to find out what those stories are 01:05:02.439 --> 01:05:04.772 and take care of our airmen. 01:05:04.877 --> 01:05:07.489 It's always amazed me how the Air Force is able 01:05:07.489 --> 01:05:10.148 to find brilliant leaders to step forward 01:05:10.148 --> 01:05:12.562 and be Chief of Staff because there's only a very few 01:05:12.562 --> 01:05:15.093 that can do that, and, obviously, Chief, 01:05:15.093 --> 01:05:17.915 the Air Force has done itself proud, again, 01:05:17.915 --> 01:05:19.912 by finding another one of those brilliant leaders 01:05:19.912 --> 01:05:22.036 to serve as our Chief of Staff of the Air Force. 01:05:22.036 --> 01:05:23.011 So, thank you so much. 01:05:23.011 --> 01:05:24.567 On behalf of the AFA (audience clapping) 01:05:24.567 --> 01:05:25.879 you don't have to go to the AFA booth, 01:05:25.879 --> 01:05:27.597 we're gonna give you your shirt right here. 01:05:27.597 --> 01:05:30.597 (audience clapping) 01:05:37.031 --> 01:05:38.922 - I'll be wearing that in the morning, 01:05:38.922 --> 01:05:39.755 PT in the morning. 01:05:39.755 --> 01:05:40.588 - Thank you, good to see you. 01:05:40.588 --> 01:05:43.588 (audience clapping) 01:05:49.691 --> 01:05:50.643 Okay, thank you again. 01:05:50.643 --> 01:05:52.849 If you would just take a five minute break in place, 01:05:52.849 --> 01:05:54.567 and we'll reset the stage for the next panel. 01:05:54.567 --> 01:05:55.538 Thank you so much.