WEBVTT

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That reach out corruption.
But the. Stove.

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Two meters.

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Cheerios. Today the government
fan or my own worm.

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Discussion topic care multinational
interoperability and continued

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she operations to um I'm
from astor vivid shown.

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Who was the moderator
of a panel to lob.

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Ever do issues should a panel
members. Sure gushing.

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Coming in from our there were other.

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Okay come an. Awful.

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I'm also sherry trouble standford
Journal on for me to. Study.

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Sure give cynic.

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Oh. Ways in gel and of as
the of Dallas take juicy.

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I will go ahead and to
use a printed started.

01:10.730 --> 01:13.900
About throughout the um
the past two days.

01:14.600 --> 01:18.110
The for a lot of great discussion
on the berries aspects of joint

01:18.110 --> 01:22.530
multinational capabilities the very
complex and a somewhat unique

01:22.780 --> 01:27.810
security challenges that we face in
the pray comment or and Probably

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consistently to rally you might
have picked up on this to read

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of how do we bring it all together
had we make it work in the us.

01:36.110 --> 01:39.420
That's what brings us to the sure
afternoon for a today's assembly

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of handlers not to discuss that that very
topic multinational interoperability.

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He continues she operations.

01:46.980 --> 01:49.970
Joseph and will scratch the surface
on that topic one that is

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that we sues violent for collective
ability to work together.

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Uh both internal tour respect a
military service branches and

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between nations and as we partner against
common threats tour interest.

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Osh lobby and by introduce you're
hp and uh we have or are cope

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handled shared showed us of centered
on the on the panel bitten

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a gentle steven our land some of
the commander of United States

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army for score.

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And his Co perilous enchanted gentle
rubber burt commander of

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the United States. Recourse
first messed. First math.

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Uh out of up camp pendleton.

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We have lieutenant general each
or mick mastered the director

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of Arctic for to discuss the importance
of interoperability to

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the army ah parting counts up.

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And also to to discuss the human dimension
of and drop are abilities mr.

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Al spirit of.

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A senior research fellow at the
national defense university.

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Major general car core offered
the commander of United States

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army see chomp will speak about
some material solutions that

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enable are uniquely human requirements
with. Interoperability.

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And we have around will mocked army
the pay conjure a three post

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bessam time explaining how our
exercise designed operational

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protests a here in the play come
aor creates an environment that

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we can all learn a and Actively testing
and improving our systems

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and processes.

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So some protocol slip battle a will
follow suit with every other

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pen Legion huge PR Alice when I have
an opportunity a to present

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their their perspective for and
that in may about a some minute

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that period.

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Uh I'll moderate between those and
then I think we should have

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about 30 minutes a to take questions
and answers are typical

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a question protocol a michael moderators
to route would be a

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a take he of course you cards up
please note asked that the Ledge

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more riding held. So I will do
my best to hugo's up and then

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Schellmann out a lot for most up
to users visit as we progress.

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So it that serve a formality used
on their lands on turner where

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you get a started she likes very
much Ross and uh we have a great

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group teammates on the panel today.
My first wanna thank general

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Saul thin and the leadership of
the us eight not just for this

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symposium serve before what to do
for later development and all

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you do for soldiers and families
and thank you very much.

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Also on a thank joel brooks for
teeing up this discussion.

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Inner rocker ability is something
that no matter what Powell

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you go to what conference you go to
it is a topic of conversation.

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Uh for the last two days that i've
been here the discussion of

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an opera building as pride permeate
in every discussion.

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It's pride permeate it not just
every discussion but also every

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side bar and discussions
we had next door.

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It's an issue we have internally
within the on it's an issue

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that we discuss in the army about
how we get more remarkable

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even as we operate together.

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It's an issue we discuss sex turn the
in mikes variance desert storm.

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Bosnia Kosovo iraq. It's now a discussion
we have in the pacific

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us trolley Flynn who sitting out
here has gone through pacific

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pathways as we look at how we're trying
to work in iraq for building

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not only within the core and with
use are packed but also within

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the theatre with our
partners and allies.

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And I think it's important here
that as we discussed the army

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operating concept that gentleman
masters going to talk about.

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Is how we leverage technology
to britsh full work.

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And hottest technology allowed us
to rich for to enhance in iraq

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are ability.

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And not allow it to divide us and
make it more expansive and

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harder to be in a raw purple as
we apply a technical solution

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that drives us for the report edith
your monetary issues or to

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the fact that we can't share technology
or we make it so complex

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the we don't inch even a rocker believe
but we solve one problem

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at the expense perhaps of
solving other problems.

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I'd ask you to think about in your
experiences think about how

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do we share technology had a we leverage
a common operating picked

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are those of you have gone operations
that had to be in are of

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a purple.

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Had a we leverage the sharing
of intelligence.

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How do we achieve shared understanding
working together as partners

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whether the five eyes are whether
pizza will for all the partners

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and friends that we've worked with
over the last few years and

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even within the marine corps and
we conduct operations together

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just achieving shared understanding
for decision-making is something

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that we have actually work for whether
it's with one math whether

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which three mess. So one of the
discussions we wanna have than

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is can we sensible flights.

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Can we simplified programs have record
can we simple fly acquisition

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to where you get technology.

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That can enhance inter offer ability.

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And really help us to make us compatible
as we get smaller as

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our capabilities of perhaps get
reduced but the requirements

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our services are forces specifically
in the pacific a continue

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to grow.

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All of us have leveraged worker
rounds for an opera billion our

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experience and we've done that the
person relationships and we've

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done that through the human domain.

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And we found ways to work around
issues that perhaps don't make

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us and raw purple in some cases
their manpower intensive.

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What if for a lot of liaison officers
away that from moving additional

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equipment full we have found
ways to make this work.

06:51.120 --> 06:54.250
Of but it seems that sunk in some
cases the Farber down we go

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tactically a lesson in are ah purple.
We've become as most of

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our systems on rapper Billy a really
focus from my perspective

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as for score on the cordon off but
how do we do this as you get

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below that at the tactical level.

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I won a reef use something very
briefly from an old fm three

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dash 30 one. That's the old to
white force planned component

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commander handbook that was published
almost 15 years ago.

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It talks about that unified action.
The man center rocker ability.

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It talks about the forces unison
systems of all services have

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to which even a rocker ability for
collective efforts to develop

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and use joint doctrine.

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Join tactics techniques and procedures
through the conduct up

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to one train.

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And I think that's important here
because in some cases or nations

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will by differ equipment will buy
different systems and they're

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not enter a purple. So we bridged
that through our ability to

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train joined for collective extra
sizes and collective operations

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that drive the in rock ability of
our nations and my experiences

07:56.010 --> 07:59.310
a person expereince not speaking
for the table hers up. We don't

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do that in the future.

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We'll continue to widely interoperability
gap not just between

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our services up between Arch in
partners are joint inter agency

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inter governmental. One
multinational forces.

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Now we're very fortunate to have
sitting to my left with 10 a

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gentle dave burger of one math.

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Uh through his efforts as the one
neff commander. We've achieved

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a lot of and raw purple woody with
for score in one math and

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I appreciate the fact that Davis
sitting here today to Co chair.

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The panel because it sends the
right message about how we one

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of build on our successes over the
last decade to sustain where

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we are as a collective joint force
of a thanks for being here

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and for taking the song.

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And relationships like this to the
foundations that built truss

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and through the trust that we build
we've really enhance our

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in our offer billing as we move
for and perhaps can't transcend

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some the technological issues that
drive us apart but to my right

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or you although generally germit
master elites are kick and he's

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gonna talk about how the when in
the complex world which is what

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the army operation Fort greene.
Concept is about.

08:58.910 --> 09:01.880
But in order to do that in opera
bilious going to be a key in

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the future.

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The score to be one of things he's
going to discuss and if Apple

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lock where was here. He was said
that inter op are building is

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probably very important. So that
we avoid miscalculation.

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So we can be escalate conflict in
the pacific which is what we

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wanna do in face your all operations
and a Apple mark month coming

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from the Cape repay comp.
We'll talk about that.

09:22.060 --> 09:24.780
Of bruise crawford is here with
us the commander seat column

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and I think it's really relevant or because
general broke stated earlier.

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That technology needs to
outpace requirements.

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And that we need future requirements
better safe.

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But bruce is gonna talk about how
we develop a common mission

09:38.130 --> 09:40.790
that work had a we of boyd
obstacles in the future.

09:41.620 --> 09:44.400
As we look at the challenges within
upper ability orders.

09:44.400 --> 09:47.930
The cypher domain fit and That
is going to span a lot of the

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different domains that we working
and this will be very important

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because while there are opportunities
here with an app ability.

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There's also future threats here.
If we don't get this right

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as we move forward.

09:59.690 --> 10:02.880
I'll score redder is here from national
defense university and

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as I talked about the impact of
the human domain out going to

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talk about what we can do in the
integrated training and for

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what can we do not only live but
for two will constructive and

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gamey and how to we enhance mission
command not just for these

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are services in the United States
but where can we leverage the

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integrated train and farnham with
our partners and our allies

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to enhance our ability to make
collective decisions and more

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importantly trying to chip but
she shared understanding.

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Of of going back to our beaumont
them recruit does tremendous

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work a pay calm up. He's looking
at ways right now that we do

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not just exercises in the pacific
but how we leverage to join

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exercise life cycle the joke cycle.

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How we move it faster and how we
take more of these exercises

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and turn them into operations things
like pacific pathways are

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an example which you can do when
you take exercises and turn

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them into an operation on deployment
experimentation and innovation.

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And that perhaps is a way to look at this
and it's not just army specific.

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But this is something we can Leopard
with our joint partners

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is something we can't leveraged
with our friends and partners

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and allies and the pacific of so
this is very important and it's

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all too important. We look at face
rural operations in the pacific

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and we look at how we won a shake
treaties in the future as we

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look at and iraq ability of between
our nations so I'm very excited

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about that.

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Two examples I will share with you
right now we're perhaps there

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are a ways to mitigate some challenge
within are upper ability

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you have an exercise earn operations
such as algi freedom party

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in with korea.

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The backbone of that really as most of
you know was done on centric scary.

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That does not go down below core
level. So it requires a larger

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man of liaison officers and the
one owes to work a low core it

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also require see pots command posts
of the future to be in that

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aid with the korean forces so that
we can share information share

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intelligence with the torque of.

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Is there a better way to
do that in the future.

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And and also as you look at an
opera below the with the math

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and with the core had you mitigate
perhaps the the Feldman of

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uncovered spaces when you're in
korea at your looking at the

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math coming ashore. And wake up
operation between two services

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in a very contest that theatre edge
are doing major combat operations

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in face story.

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Another example a jobless lockup
witches with japan. While we

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partner very well with japan we
have a bilateral exercise in

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japan were because of our some cases
the child interoperability

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if you're having to join force commanders
that are working together

12:27.540 --> 12:30.690
had you work bilateral decision making
and a chief shared understand.

12:31.130 --> 12:34.120
So working away through that which
it was sold a flash cheer

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we found a needs one hand. That's
how you work with partners

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to make those decisions in a timely
manner measure supporting

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of theatre commander. So I think
those are too wary as perhaps

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where we can with to develop.

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A things we can do in the future.

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A positive step which Raleigh Flynn
sitting out here is what

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you can do in a human domain to close
the in iraq or below the gap.

12:54.100 --> 12:57.650
I recently his team was out in indonesia
for Peru to shield and

12:57.680 --> 13:01.600
partnering on the ground with indonesian
forces to the tele commanders

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put together a complied arms
live. Fire exercise.

13:04.880 --> 13:07.800
With different types of equipment
different types of aircraft

13:08.150 --> 13:11.530
different understandings of airspace
management different understanding

13:11.530 --> 13:14.340
of how the bill surfaced danger
zones. But they didn't on the

13:14.340 --> 13:18.450
ground by working together in a brain
and a large combine arms live.

13:18.450 --> 13:21.620
Fire exercise with a force where
we had not trying to get the

13:21.770 --> 13:24.920
fork because of the expertise of
our leaders we were able to

13:24.920 --> 13:28.690
do that and mitigate risk to conduct
a very outstanding exercise.

13:29.220 --> 13:32.900
Still in closing I I won all four. Yes
there are a technological solutions.

13:33.430 --> 13:36.970
How can we make them easier to implement
hack we make them not

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only cost. The fact that but how can
we applied and in a timely manner.

13:40.530 --> 13:44.010
So that as we applied and we don't
help a sport technologies

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is Apple pace us as we provide a
technological solution one of

13:48.050 --> 13:50.560
the ways is we're gonna have to
continue to train together with

13:50.560 --> 13:53.530
enough to continue to work together
not just the services but

13:53.530 --> 13:55.860
with our partners and allies
in a gemini farm back.

13:56.620 --> 14:00.560
And I think in the future as we do
this it will continue be about

14:00.610 --> 14:03.440
building relationships and through
ngos relationships. We will

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sustain truss and a one heads are
in our purple and what that

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and Prada turnover my when man
here my left with 10 a general

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de fervor from one that
thanks very much.

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India. Spirit of critical begin.

14:18.350 --> 14:21.790
All all paint the other side of
the corn just a little bit and

14:21.790 --> 14:22.580
for a reason.

14:23.180 --> 14:27.290
First a Line of thought this is
too much interoperability.

14:28.090 --> 14:28.800
It's not good.

14:29.560 --> 14:33.150
Or cost too much are were party
there or we don't need anymore.

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We're good enough.

14:35.240 --> 14:38.840
I would of all the arguments the
against interoperability in

14:38.840 --> 14:40.850
the three buckets that
i've heard of one.

14:41.620 --> 14:42.600
When we train.

14:43.430 --> 14:46.490
Together different forces different
countries you end up.

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Going down to the lowest common
denominator and you don't get

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the same training that.

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Argued and number one.

14:53.780 --> 14:58.700
Second. We tried again in iraq
rubble in our equipment and we

14:58.700 --> 15:01.260
end up taking forever to get
that equipment sealed.

15:02.090 --> 15:05.980
Everybody has their own requirements
seven years later we still

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don't have the deer that we need.

15:07.810 --> 15:09.550
Because the tried to be and are opera.

15:11.510 --> 15:12.300
Third error.

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A argument i've heard is if or
all-over elite inter op humble

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were pretty predictable.

15:19.640 --> 15:22.640
Easy for an adversary to kinda figure
out what we're gonna do.

15:23.750 --> 15:27.730
We've all can for new this same
concepts a saint ttps we end

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up doing the same things or predictable.

15:30.200 --> 15:32.780
I don't believe any of those three
but it's worth considering

15:32.780 --> 15:33.490
the other side.

15:35.160 --> 15:39.520
I mean to this our was really helpful
because we it as the as

15:39.520 --> 15:42.230
military's have to figure out
how and to raw problem.

15:42.880 --> 15:43.460
We wanna be.

15:44.800 --> 15:45.360
How much.

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Or upper ability can we afford.
What's the minimum.

15:50.390 --> 15:54.170
How much effort are we will and expand
to be truly in raw purple.

15:55.250 --> 16:00.010
Do we understand the pasta costs
against the yen in iraq purple

16:00.490 --> 16:03.700
and you know if you're an operator
you know the specter Levin

16:03.700 --> 16:05.240
or upper ability on the one hand.

16:06.150 --> 16:08.990
You're out there trainer operating
with another force they have

16:08.990 --> 16:12.310
the road eerie at their do when
their own mean you can talk to

16:12.490 --> 16:14.480
and You're just in the same region.

16:15.420 --> 16:18.860
Next best I would say would be can
of an iraq Afghanistan ferrying

16:18.860 --> 16:21.910
work each of the has your own area
generally in know what they're

16:21.910 --> 16:25.140
doing one but you're deep
conflicted which.

16:25.820 --> 16:28.930
It's a word I'm not sure we had
10 years ago but now it means

16:29.170 --> 16:32.140
we're not really in a raw cobbled.
What kindest order were separated

16:32.140 --> 16:35.280
by time or space and then there's
all the way the other in the

16:35.280 --> 16:36.100
dream land.

16:36.650 --> 16:40.470
We have the same year. We think
the same way saints calls we

16:40.470 --> 16:43.960
can show up at some location and
do a high and fight no crop.

16:44.250 --> 16:46.090
So there's a whole spectrum
there pick from.

16:46.640 --> 16:47.600
The what gets in the way.

16:48.440 --> 16:50.710
Why is this so difficult.

16:51.810 --> 16:53.200
Service parochial was in.

16:54.550 --> 16:57.370
We have an identity and culture
in our services that we wanna

16:57.370 --> 16:58.810
protect it gets in the way.

16:59.930 --> 17:01.540
There is a sense that
we're good enough.

17:02.350 --> 17:05.020
We're air into rock rubble enough.
Why don't we need to improve.

17:05.760 --> 17:08.440
Then there's that that 31
like we're too busy.

17:09.370 --> 17:12.280
I'd love to train would be an love
to do an exercise witty but

17:12.280 --> 17:15.600
yeah you were just really busy and
we couldn't chordate air exercises

17:15.630 --> 17:17.510
are were just really busy right now.

17:19.030 --> 17:20.160
All excuses.

17:21.000 --> 17:23.720
I think they're generally and so
I would agree with with this

17:23.720 --> 17:28.050
is the way we work for me to go
we need to understand ops goals

17:28.050 --> 17:30.050
the friction need to work pass.

17:30.590 --> 17:33.890
And the right folks are here to
ask questions oven it should

17:33.890 --> 17:34.580
be are really.

17:35.280 --> 17:36.670
Billion foreman of our. Thanks.

17:40.190 --> 17:43.720
Joel and thank you for your opening
comments to shut the stage

17:43.720 --> 17:46.060
for out that the discussions
are one shoe.

17:47.410 --> 17:49.410
Joel like master sir. Forum.

17:51.220 --> 17:54.850
You're very well cautioned bridgend
today given your leadership ban.

17:54.850 --> 17:58.520
What you in general purpose of done
this set the stage going forwards.

17:58.520 --> 18:02.400
Army are paring cast of 20 25 either.
I know you discussed and

18:02.430 --> 18:06.480
other forms to critic kelly of interoperability
today. We wanna go.

18:06.480 --> 18:09.110
I think you the the for about two
inch band upon that didn't

18:09.110 --> 18:11.590
and and and some things you
see in in going forward.

18:12.140 --> 18:16.160
Sir creek off a fax escarole beer
specs at the front row promos

18:16.160 --> 18:17.580
are of the in almost paddle.

18:18.200 --> 18:21.450
As we see have a problem out great
it's been to work with you

18:21.450 --> 18:25.340
strip packed with with the with
by quarrel with a 20 fifth in

18:25.340 --> 18:29.160
treat a vision is to see the whole
team here the morally and

18:29.160 --> 18:32.740
devlin to do which is to kinect
our institutional or read is

18:32.740 --> 18:36.230
developing the future forced to
or operational force in to work

18:36.230 --> 18:37.670
together to collaborate.

18:38.280 --> 18:39.950
In a focused sustained.

18:40.530 --> 18:44.650
A matter of what one concrete problems
the so the way the we're

18:44.650 --> 18:47.930
doing that is really emphasizing
what we have to be in a raw

18:47.930 --> 18:48.770
purple for.

18:49.400 --> 18:53.030
In an working to improve our ability
to operate together as Droids.

18:53.530 --> 18:56.960
Inter organizational which is all different
departments of government

18:56.990 --> 18:58.670
and multinational teens.

18:59.260 --> 19:01.390
For what purpose to me to
accomplish the mission.

19:01.920 --> 19:05.060
Across a range of military operations
for of like to talk about.

19:05.870 --> 19:08.700
Five beings that we have
to be in iraq ruble for.

19:09.460 --> 19:14.010
And then talk about four ways that
we're that we're attempting

19:14.010 --> 19:18.250
to and we are improving our ability
to operate again destroyed

19:18.470 --> 19:19.470
in organizational.

19:20.030 --> 19:21.430
And multinational th.

19:22.160 --> 19:25.550
The first abuse is we know was tip
is to shape security in garments.

19:26.230 --> 19:29.470
And you we know that it it
has been in large measure.

19:29.990 --> 19:33.980
You know the post world war two
security and political order.

19:34.640 --> 19:38.430
That has prevented a great power
conflict for over 70 years.

19:39.180 --> 19:41.850
We also know that there are powers
that are challenging.

19:42.370 --> 19:45.080
That architecture that security architecture.

19:45.670 --> 19:47.850
And and a political system
and they're doing it.

19:48.360 --> 19:52.380
You know in in a way that morsel for
waging sort of a limited war.

19:52.970 --> 19:56.050
Up or conducting actions for the
threshold of war for limited

19:56.050 --> 19:59.790
objectives the sexually to collapsed
for the challenge that order

20:00.210 --> 20:03.370
or to cool worse. Our allies
the in certain regions.

20:04.140 --> 20:07.000
And what these power surge attempting
to do essentially.

20:07.520 --> 20:10.420
Is to accomplish their objectives
polo the threshold.

20:11.150 --> 20:13.720
It and wished that in which the
rider of the commitment of them

20:13.720 --> 20:14.860
illiterate kevin against them.

20:15.580 --> 20:17.570
And then portraying any response.

20:18.210 --> 20:22.020
To those to those as quote tory actions
on their part uh to portray

20:22.020 --> 20:23.990
art actions is asking tory DC dish.

20:24.530 --> 20:28.220
Obviously places like the south china
sea and you see them places

20:28.220 --> 20:29.040
like ukraine.

20:29.750 --> 20:33.630
So what to do about this said it
the important thing is that

20:33.630 --> 20:38.100
we have to be able to demonstrate
our competence as a joint and

20:38.100 --> 20:39.570
multinational team.

20:40.100 --> 20:42.670
To be able to counter that kind
of aggression. So once shaping

20:42.670 --> 20:46.910
security environments. We got to be
in a raw people in that context

20:46.910 --> 20:49.110
that that that that critical mission.

20:50.360 --> 20:53.470
The second thing that we wanna peel
do is obviously prevent conflict

20:53.470 --> 20:57.260
right in your toward washington
famously said no the best way

20:57.260 --> 20:59.530
to prevent worth the mishra
prepare for it.

21:00.160 --> 21:04.210
And so we have to be in iraq will
uh has to begin a joint.

21:04.740 --> 21:06.880
Multinational and their
rich nation team.

21:07.520 --> 21:12.570
Are so so the weekend in sure that
the cost of escalation is

21:12.570 --> 21:15.160
quite clear tour enemies
and adverse church.

21:15.770 --> 21:20.890
And and so those who are willing
to call worse neighbors to to

21:20.950 --> 21:24.800
to use combinations of conventional
one on conventional forces

21:24.800 --> 21:27.050
and tactics to accomplish objectives.

21:27.710 --> 21:30.850
There are able to do that in large
measure because there's no

21:30.850 --> 21:32.360
cost to them initially.

21:33.140 --> 21:38.190
So how did we operate together with
rotational forces ford position

21:38.190 --> 21:41.590
forces as shorts teams to deter conflict.

21:42.200 --> 21:46.090
But what sates in this area that
our joint in a multinational

21:46.090 --> 21:48.020
capabilities are very very important.

21:49.000 --> 21:52.850
So we know for example we have a
tremendous competitive advantage

21:53.110 --> 21:58.150
from our naval forces a former air forces
in terms of standoff capabilities.

21:58.150 --> 22:02.800
Right ability to apply our much
general perkin said fire power

22:03.190 --> 22:04.110
on to land.

22:04.720 --> 22:09.740
From that the maritime air space
and even cyberspace domains.

22:10.820 --> 22:14.410
What what land forces bring to this
what we have to work really

22:14.410 --> 22:17.080
with harp allies and
partner land forces.

22:17.610 --> 22:21.370
Is wetland forces. Do is they they
really provided capability

22:21.760 --> 22:23.050
to compel in alcoa.

22:23.710 --> 22:27.450
And a set of Dougherty from land
forces to achieve out homes

22:27.480 --> 22:28.170
on land.

22:28.790 --> 22:30.970
With alka cooperation of the enemy.

22:31.920 --> 22:35.680
Ready people bull land forces capable
of ah pretty insufficient

22:35.680 --> 22:39.840
scale a for ample to ration to accomplish
the mission it's back

22:39.840 --> 22:44.190
capability that land capability.
That orwell's in large measure

22:44.190 --> 22:46.660
or naval forces are air
forces to be effective.

22:47.170 --> 22:50.580
Uh with their with their standoff
capabilities. So so the second

22:50.580 --> 22:53.920
thing we of due to rajpal forced
to prevent conflicts are army

22:53.920 --> 22:57.110
recognizes a really important aspect
of two and that is it is

22:57.110 --> 23:00.950
how we work together with our partners
and obviously in and ought

23:01.020 --> 23:04.730
it in the in asia and asia pacific
region. But more important

23:04.730 --> 23:08.440
I think the never as you can see was
just our recent announcements

23:08.440 --> 23:09.600
from from north korea.

23:10.160 --> 23:13.900
And obviously auctions applied
by up by china a and in recent

23:13.970 --> 23:14.990
monsoon in years.

23:16.040 --> 23:18.930
So that the start the first thing
that we have to be in iraq

23:18.930 --> 23:22.980
trouble for is to be able to conduct what
we're calling expeditionary maneuver.

23:23.670 --> 23:27.170
You know sometimes a bitch or our
proper arm report brother fervor

23:27.170 --> 23:29.720
scenic worry common after or mission
no of course not I mean

23:30.160 --> 23:32.860
our our our capabilities
are for a complementary.

23:33.580 --> 23:36.700
And what we're saying is the to
defeat enemy anti access and

23:37.050 --> 23:38.860
and airy denial capabilities.

23:39.380 --> 23:43.500
We have to be able to deploy forces
rapidly into unexpected locations.

23:44.010 --> 23:45.570
And then transition quickly.

23:46.090 --> 23:48.810
It to all offensive operations
are defensive operations.

23:49.330 --> 23:52.420
Yuri can't do that the for an army
without the naval force pickle

23:52.660 --> 23:55.520
and with either air force old interoperability
to be able to

23:55.520 --> 23:58.940
conduct expedition or a maneuver
not just getting their fast

23:58.940 --> 23:59.530
was something.

24:00.040 --> 24:03.290
But getting there with forces that
have that the right combination

24:03.290 --> 24:07.460
of mobility protection and most
balloting forces there. It will

24:07.460 --> 24:10.910
to operate for sufficient scaling
up operation to accomplish

24:10.910 --> 24:11.350
the mission.

24:12.590 --> 24:15.650
The forcing mitigate article force
for what we call and your

24:15.650 --> 24:18.850
me opry concepts joint complied
norms operations.

24:19.530 --> 24:22.340
And this is extremely important.
This is the elevation of come

24:22.340 --> 24:24.540
fido arms. To a new level of.

24:25.080 --> 24:28.560
The week we think enjoyed warfare
as to children's game of rock

24:28.610 --> 24:32.800
paper scissors. Right we after
all operate together to posey

24:32.800 --> 24:35.930
enemy with multiple dilemmas.
We believe in the future.

24:36.510 --> 24:38.540
We were not to conduct
operations on land.

24:39.050 --> 24:42.620
To defeat and in the warden is haitians
tooth is step to secure

24:42.620 --> 24:46.930
or territory and populations but
increasingly to project our

24:46.990 --> 24:48.070
out more from land.

24:48.700 --> 24:52.950
Into the maritime error space in
cyberspace domains to help and

24:52.950 --> 24:55.300
sure freedom of movement and action.

24:55.880 --> 24:59.400
For our sisters for vs and for and
and uh I that's because these

24:59.400 --> 25:02.100
to all that the major becoming
more challenged. And the fifth

25:02.100 --> 25:05.620
and we have to drop of a forest
to consolidate gains. And that

25:05.620 --> 25:08.950
is really a big emphasis on multinational
account organizational

25:08.950 --> 25:14.670
partners probably translate mill. It's
furry success in to sustainable

25:15.020 --> 25:18.720
usually political. I'll combs consistent
with our vital interests.

25:19.430 --> 25:22.660
So uh the stop there because because
I wanna taking any time

25:22.660 --> 25:25.680
away from discussions but I'm happy
in the today to talk about

25:25.680 --> 25:29.580
how we're pursuing inner rocker
ability for these these five

25:29.620 --> 25:31.230
big purposes. Thank you.

25:32.270 --> 25:35.670
Search thinks for that and Bo was
things will pick up for some

25:35.700 --> 25:39.230
beam that you have put forth to
the competitive advantage that

25:39.260 --> 25:43.440
and drop almost force as vis-a-vis
enemy and when we look at

25:43.550 --> 25:46.260
the ah pouring in viral
one which we have this.

25:46.850 --> 25:51.300
Seemingly increasing speed of information
but tied to the necessary

25:51.300 --> 25:54.730
Spiegel which can make decisions
are certain common challenges

25:54.730 --> 25:58.030
that are out there that that fall
can the human dimension and

25:58.030 --> 26:00.270
work to discuss a lower further
we'd like to turn order.

26:00.270 --> 26:03.950
Mr. Skew redder to offer his inside
on that subject cirques.

26:04.550 --> 26:05.000
Thank you.

26:06.990 --> 26:10.600
Thank you and not think of the octane
to serve on this important camel.

26:11.250 --> 26:15.400
I'm going to talk about them some
items from a paper which doctor

26:15.400 --> 26:19.840
paul bar tone a retired the army Colonel
an army research psychologist.

26:19.840 --> 26:23.690
My recently wrote and published a
small war Easter on alton titled

26:24.020 --> 26:27.050
human dimension a shoes industry
beaded virtual james.

26:27.760 --> 26:31.340
Uh would weaken wrote the paper based
on revealed of elbow letter

26:31.340 --> 26:33.970
chirp all has done some personal
research in the area.

26:34.540 --> 26:37.750
And out I can cover everything.
So I recommend looking up on

26:37.750 --> 26:41.120
line a do have some printed copies
with me of anyone's interesting

26:41.120 --> 26:42.040
getting one during a break.

26:43.090 --> 26:48.260
Up in general we found and our reviews
that distended teams don't

26:48.260 --> 26:51.290
do was wells quote late cull located
teams and you're probably

26:51.290 --> 26:54.710
all were a that. But Wilson found
out that's that's critically

26:54.710 --> 26:55.990
true when you're dealing with.

26:56.540 --> 26:59.930
Trying to deal with innovative ideas
in a more of a problem and

27:00.640 --> 27:04.630
Some of the reasons we found for
problems with distribute teams

27:04.630 --> 27:08.720
not doing. Well enough for performing.
Well are unclear goals

27:08.750 --> 27:12.240
objectives unclear roles and. Responsibilities.

27:12.900 --> 27:15.620
Differing competing prayer idiots.
Let's face everyone else has

27:15.620 --> 27:19.080
something else going on with you know and
there are individual organization.

27:19.970 --> 27:22.010
Can pour communications for leaders.

27:22.800 --> 27:26.470
Unclear structure and wine to authority
to the region you shouldn't

27:26.470 --> 27:28.890
just have a group broke the should
be some structure that.

27:29.880 --> 27:32.630
Foreign reliable communications
systems which than part of many

27:32.630 --> 27:36.460
times incompatible communication system
which has also been mentioned

27:36.860 --> 27:39.190
language barriers which
are all aware of.

27:40.520 --> 27:44.530
And also for situation. Oh awareness
of ticker distributed situation

27:44.530 --> 27:46.560
where unknowns are shared
situation. Why mess.

27:47.290 --> 27:50.710
Often I hear people say that's
this communication system are

27:50.710 --> 27:54.210
this technology are the center will
provide situation where assets

27:54.210 --> 27:54.700
I'm true.

27:55.210 --> 27:59.410
They prefer its sensors and communications
system provide data

27:59.410 --> 28:03.040
and information situation Morris's
developing humans head.

28:03.740 --> 28:06.630
The had you convey that information
to other members of the team

28:06.760 --> 28:09.700
that's a difficult thing to do especially
when you don't wanna

28:10.190 --> 28:12.470
overload that the team is a.

28:13.100 --> 28:14.160
Situation or a next.

28:14.780 --> 28:18.600
To also difficult because what I
see friends dims on the ground

28:18.750 --> 28:21.870
in a situation may be different
than someone else a team was

28:21.870 --> 28:23.980
looking through a soda straw
communication system.

28:24.770 --> 28:27.380
So it's it's difficult to share
in that respect also.

28:28.280 --> 28:31.260
But the one thing ever just the
shibani team the most is a lack

28:31.260 --> 28:31.900
of trust.

28:32.630 --> 28:36.050
And that's been brought up numerous
times in this symposium ugh

28:36.050 --> 28:38.960
general bricks right up earlier
on the yesterday to ethiopians

28:38.960 --> 28:42.180
gemini talked about truss quite
a bit. I heard it that the a

28:42.460 --> 28:45.970
senior enlisted form. They talked
about a quite of bit and trust

28:45.970 --> 28:48.620
I think is the one area that needs
be focused on the most.

28:49.180 --> 28:52.180
Trust is normally based on your
knowledge of another person's

28:52.180 --> 28:55.800
ability his skills reliability
and honesty.

28:56.520 --> 29:01.450
And you know most team of building
efforts are focused on those

29:01.450 --> 29:03.420
aspects see can develop traps.

29:04.060 --> 29:06.460
When your pull together rapidly
an industry the team you may

29:06.460 --> 29:09.590
not have the time where the resources
to build that trust.

29:10.020 --> 29:12.720
So you have to develop
a we call swift traps.

29:13.230 --> 29:16.500
And swiss trust trusted about the
number of ways one might be

29:16.770 --> 29:20.710
affected all share common group membership
or you know the credentials

29:20.710 --> 29:24.210
reputations of other people french
than some is paddle the army

29:24.380 --> 29:28.450
a officers probably have a us with
trust develop very rapidly

29:28.950 --> 29:33.130
before they develop trust with the
other services and in general

29:33.230 --> 29:36.250
they are the military personality
are will probably develop trust

29:36.490 --> 29:39.720
among themselves fascinate. Well
with maybe being a civilian

29:39.850 --> 29:41.460
not because I'm the youngest
one a peer.

29:42.530 --> 29:47.850
Um. There are other ways of developing
citrus of proven reliability.

29:47.850 --> 29:51.530
No you do to perform the way you say
you're going formby to provide

29:51.530 --> 29:53.170
which you need to provide and courtesy.

29:54.410 --> 29:57.330
The later has the biggest responsibility
golf. Interesting course

29:57.330 --> 30:00.500
earlier Haston. Earn the trust
of all the members of the team

30:00.610 --> 30:04.090
mate liter can do that by number way
showing competence reliability

30:04.510 --> 30:08.100
and flexibility remaining calm under
pressure showing trust an

30:08.100 --> 30:12.170
SUV or nets showing process of for
you know except the mistakes

30:12.170 --> 30:15.960
a time in the in the senior listen
form yesterday talked about

30:15.960 --> 30:19.400
accepting mistakes. They said will
you know about people learn

30:19.400 --> 30:22.350
from mistakes. However you don't
want someone to keep having

30:22.350 --> 30:24.960
the same mistakes over and over dentists
um. We have take action

30:24.960 --> 30:27.210
you to fire the person or
whatever you need to do.

30:27.890 --> 30:30.960
A final right balance between structures
and roles and openness

30:30.960 --> 30:31.890
and flexibility.

30:32.920 --> 30:35.160
They're also technology's there
are some they're very helpful

30:35.160 --> 30:38.720
some that are detrimental um you
all know things like phones

30:38.720 --> 30:39.890
and and now I'm.

30:40.580 --> 30:43.490
Faxes in conference calls and video
teleconferencing but all

30:43.550 --> 30:47.430
also the more a recent commute computer
met mediated medication

30:47.430 --> 30:50.270
such is a text messaging voice
over IP and support.

30:50.840 --> 30:54.650
All the is some help you work in
a dispiriting boat the some

30:54.650 --> 30:57.380
of them have some problems of the
ticker many of them don't allow

30:57.380 --> 31:01.610
you to see the gestures of other
people or they'd be um facial

31:01.610 --> 31:04.790
expressions of the Thompson that's
very important and understanding

31:04.930 --> 31:07.610
where not a person understand we're
trying conveyed of them or not.

31:08.630 --> 31:12.590
Um another thing is that by not seeing
other person a like movie

31:12.590 --> 31:15.400
had a prep meeting for this. I was
on a telephone they were on

31:15.400 --> 31:18.480
pt sees a couldn't tell whether
now I was paying attention.

31:18.950 --> 31:21.890
You know that's an important aspect
to the CIA fight. I have

31:21.890 --> 31:23.240
an interesting what's going on.

31:23.980 --> 31:27.280
So why be emma has looked debt that
developing abbott park overcome.

31:27.280 --> 31:28.620
This kind of a slight base.

31:29.250 --> 31:32.700
Okay I'm a would I be and what that
was wealthy to develop avatars

31:32.700 --> 31:37.190
to represent people and use these
avatars to communicate that

31:37.260 --> 31:40.410
the membership maybe you can develop
never trust or the people

31:40.410 --> 31:44.650
Wall will feel like other avatars
are like themselves some the

31:44.650 --> 31:47.760
person to the you write is a team
member the individual on the

31:47.760 --> 31:50.390
medals really just a team Composite
of all the members of the

31:50.390 --> 31:53.990
team and the avatar on
the left is the um.

31:54.630 --> 31:59.320
A 60% of the player of it up with
States may and 40% of the team

31:59.320 --> 32:00.130
melt together.

32:00.800 --> 32:03.250
By doing that then I see a little
bit of me and all the other

32:03.250 --> 32:06.960
team members and that's distribute
team generic interesting area

32:06.960 --> 32:09.850
research they pick me to do so more
area and you know research.

32:09.850 --> 32:12.690
I'm sorry but a kind of goes along
with wealth other people on

32:12.690 --> 32:15.720
the monetary I can trust I'm
probably pretty rapidly.

32:16.490 --> 32:17.200
That's it the side.

32:18.380 --> 32:23.090
Um. But remember that technology
is not the solution you all

32:23.550 --> 32:26.150
you know society today tries think
we'll find out of common to

32:26.150 --> 32:30.400
fix a technology it can cause Prom
chicken cries leaders to my

32:30.400 --> 32:33.090
for manage we don't want to do that
that's how you lose trust.

32:33.670 --> 32:36.410
It can also cause some problems
in the sense that people may

32:36.410 --> 32:40.670
not feel comfortable that if I
send you a a an email message

32:40.670 --> 32:43.060
where it's all I kept letters.
She think I'm screaming at the

32:43.060 --> 32:47.360
or five put an exclamation point
and my trying my excited I Mayan

32:47.360 --> 32:48.830
matted you are my Yum.

32:49.770 --> 32:53.030
A surprise you don't know you can
tell so the point is when your

32:53.030 --> 32:57.090
seventies best is amplify your signal.
Explain what you're trying

32:57.090 --> 32:57.860
to convey.

32:58.410 --> 33:01.460
Don't assume everyone else knows that
you're thinking be courteous

33:01.820 --> 33:06.170
don't a respond properly and don't
to avoid sloppy emails a sloppy

33:06.170 --> 33:08.920
melamine see there. You don't consider
much about me freedom

33:08.920 --> 33:10.220
consider much about the topic.

33:11.010 --> 33:15.160
So I'm that's it that. If you need
to see morsi me during a break.

33:16.510 --> 33:20.090
Church that. I share rundown serve
them is re look at these some

33:20.090 --> 33:22.550
of the challenging we have
in the the human the main.

33:23.120 --> 33:26.960
Joe crawl for like you taken are candace
cause some of the technical

33:26.990 --> 33:29.850
challenges jang capabilities that
are out there that the the

33:29.880 --> 33:31.940
that might help risky greater interoperability.

33:33.180 --> 33:37.580
Thing I like to use a bike to think
that don't fervor and don't

33:37.580 --> 33:38.830
Lancet for the education.

33:39.480 --> 33:43.610
A to participate a from the my
headquarters to had ever been

33:43.610 --> 33:44.260
proven ground.

33:44.870 --> 33:48.600
A as a member of the army rich
euro command a responsible for

33:48.600 --> 33:49.350
the sustained that.

33:49.990 --> 33:52.430
Yes another thing that's a a pretty
exciting for me that with

33:52.430 --> 33:56.600
to jeff comedian dress. Sustain is a
party interoperability discussion

33:57.040 --> 34:03.090
that we've got about the Sinai%
of the army's a radar in a isr

34:03.270 --> 34:08.330
platforms a bowl of the army's senate
tactical sees for systems

34:08.420 --> 34:10.390
about 70% of its software.

34:11.040 --> 34:14.420
The last minute release in with
more to mendes discussion today

34:14.420 --> 34:17.560
the that we've got a coalition era
for bilious churns elevation.

34:17.620 --> 34:18.090
The purple.

34:18.690 --> 34:20.390
I dislocated for that.

34:20.900 --> 34:24.220
Uh I that plays ever a heavily ends
to work a dad is been done

34:24.220 --> 34:29.770
with the Afghan mission work. Uh
uh over and and In the air war.

34:30.930 --> 34:35.490
And Serbia indie era intuitive
a a part of the discussion uh

34:35.880 --> 34:39.640
one person to wanna do a dress was
what are some of the environmental

34:39.640 --> 34:43.160
concerns been mandate and intellectually.

34:43.800 --> 34:47.490
And uh actually believe that we do
have to make an intellectually.

34:48.120 --> 34:51.480
And how we do multinational interrupt
that what probably think about.

34:53.300 --> 34:57.900
Uh. Mortar forcing which had been jumps
out at me is the applications

34:57.900 --> 35:03.320
a this complex world a vigil buckmaster
angel perkins a speak

35:03.350 --> 35:04.390
that so often about.

35:05.080 --> 35:08.930
Uh this idea of unknown and noble
one costs would change.

35:09.770 --> 35:13.730
A described by or trade hakim this
morning that what are the

35:13.730 --> 35:18.690
implications of that. Uh when we
start to have the discussions

35:18.690 --> 35:20.690
about where we should be gone
within a rocket built.

35:21.920 --> 35:24.620
Uh and other than to jump doubted
me as a are start to get our

35:24.620 --> 35:27.630
minds around the armies operating
concept where the armies not

35:27.630 --> 35:33.590
all almost every surface and mini
ever allies the today are making

35:33.590 --> 35:39.790
dramatic changes a new changes in terms
a the their own operate concepts.

35:40.310 --> 35:43.470
And so are their second and third
order for it down stream impacts

35:43.500 --> 35:48.290
of that. The fact that we're all
thinking differently about how

35:48.290 --> 35:51.650
we're going to operate at the same
time are trying to become

35:51.680 --> 35:52.540
a more enter awful.

35:53.600 --> 35:55.160
I declining resources.

35:55.670 --> 35:59.140
Right so we've had all these great
discussions about the impact

35:59.140 --> 36:01.190
in our particular case
a key course tracing.

36:01.750 --> 36:06.720
But declining resources that will
force a more by inter service

36:06.720 --> 36:10.170
and multinational a inter dependent
since I think there are some

36:10.170 --> 36:11.390
things should be considered.

36:11.930 --> 36:12.890
Uh in entering.

36:13.760 --> 36:16.700
In any impact of changes. So us
or you were talking about the

36:16.700 --> 36:20.120
human dimension watched been quite
a bit of time is a part of

36:20.120 --> 36:22.710
the a mature all enterprise on train.

36:23.290 --> 36:27.340
And now one of the things it jumps out
of the us a and mire organization

36:27.400 --> 36:30.730
is a research think about the human
dimension is that we look

36:30.730 --> 36:33.760
at the force in that in to sister
see army that I'm talking about

36:33.760 --> 36:37.330
right now some more and their
range of 73 percent.

36:37.840 --> 36:38.580
Of the current.

36:39.220 --> 36:44.050
Uh. Army Dodes where we're in the
uniform I actually came in

36:44.080 --> 36:45.250
the army after now what.

36:46.300 --> 36:50.140
So. There are some producer that
there are some concert that

36:50.140 --> 36:53.690
but I think it's worked a at least
a verbal that we should be

36:53.690 --> 36:56.700
considering in the equation we
start to think about solutions

36:56.700 --> 37:00.920
sets the election considers a of
our of our interoperability

37:00.920 --> 37:03.640
channel just where we should be
going because ultimately you

37:03.640 --> 37:05.570
these are the folks are
to be operating Corp.

37:06.140 --> 37:09.710
A lot of cases these it a folks
at 73 percent. Good batter in

37:09.710 --> 37:12.910
different the dishes she's going
to be a directed chain.

37:14.000 --> 37:18.390
Uh one retains because i've got
this sold managing about said

37:18.390 --> 37:22.420
mission a B arms software a in
a vintage ah for about a year

37:22.470 --> 37:26.470
but they're just to teach a chip
uh. That's occurring a between

37:26.500 --> 37:31.220
a hard were based platforms a two
more soft workdays five bucks

37:31.520 --> 37:34.760
understanding debts market driven
and are greedy industry partners

37:34.790 --> 37:38.590
are for driving that but what does
that mean to us it's are start

37:38.590 --> 37:42.490
to get into the enter a privilege
sketch a is dad something that

37:42.490 --> 37:45.720
we should be considering that the
vast majority of we're we're

37:45.720 --> 37:49.520
going I know which is not news uh
to many of you there's no after

37:49.520 --> 37:55.050
special industry partners but that is
news when most of our infrastructure

37:55.410 --> 37:59.770
a and our institution is spoke christian
oriented on hard work.

38:00.440 --> 38:03.950
Again the U.S addict. He durable
and equation we start to talk

38:03.950 --> 38:05.300
about to enter a for building.

38:05.930 --> 38:09.240
And it was mentioned error wrapping
jaw landed match all kinds

38:09.240 --> 38:13.670
of complicated discussions actor
kirk when we start to go beyond

38:13.670 --> 38:16.800
just what we need in terms of
interoperability and again.

38:16.800 --> 38:20.380
It's bigger than just a net work
but we start to boring disciple

38:20.800 --> 38:24.740
verbal into the equation that you're
talking about multiple nations

38:24.740 --> 38:28.340
with multiple policies differ Paulson's
and how they're going

38:28.340 --> 38:32.490
to approach a of their starboard scratch
IP. If an ally or partner

38:32.490 --> 38:36.220
is attacked we're going to do X
squires. She has that play into

38:36.220 --> 38:40.150
the discussion and or it seems
like we have more a questions

38:40.150 --> 38:43.610
than answers at this point but I think
it's worth it leased thinking

38:43.610 --> 38:44.420
about a.

38:45.140 --> 38:47.530
Just given that we're time become
more off and are ah prefer

38:47.740 --> 38:48.630
more in rajpal.

38:49.280 --> 38:50.950
So of what is needed.

38:51.780 --> 38:55.160
The a painter couple of frames
is been great work uh I'd done

38:55.160 --> 38:58.260
by a judge wednesday app and the combatant
commands with something

38:58.260 --> 39:01.550
called the mission partnering and
barman. What that desert that

39:01.550 --> 39:03.550
addresses from the operational
lawful are.

39:04.240 --> 39:08.250
Uh what type of the demands and
the requirements of today.

39:08.860 --> 39:12.500
Uh you know we're we've
had a in those terms.

39:13.040 --> 39:16.160
I will tell you if we do absolutely
nothing ouch and if you remember

39:16.160 --> 39:20.020
nothing else that I said that today
when a as a part of the spam.

39:20.600 --> 39:23.940
Uh the elephant known that big a
problem that we got to attack

39:24.030 --> 39:25.910
first that has city with pops.

39:26.620 --> 39:29.860
Uh and I know that seems like an
easy target a up the win and

39:29.860 --> 39:34.240
jeff happening these because it
is is so big a problem uh we

39:34.240 --> 39:37.860
can to cleinwerck around it in Indiana
comes back to five it's

39:38.230 --> 39:41.480
a I think you can make the argument
that most of policy big governs

39:41.480 --> 39:44.920
inter op are believed to be a a
predates probably not alive and

39:45.210 --> 39:46.380
uh and and before.

39:47.160 --> 39:49.950
And so here we are trying to become
more in our in iraq recalled

39:49.950 --> 39:53.950
yet the policy big governs us that
predates not alive and I think

39:53.950 --> 39:55.450
it's a works uh.

39:56.160 --> 39:57.100
Worth their attention.

39:57.770 --> 40:01.470
That to quota two dozen 14 Rand
study the commission about of

40:01.470 --> 40:06.240
apart many army uh uh to develop
a lessons more in a out of a

40:06.240 --> 40:10.040
Afghanistan when it comes to developing
mission networks a one

40:10.040 --> 40:12.950
of into gotta give some thought
to be and something the hot.

40:12.950 --> 40:15.820
I reckon man is that we've
got to every sir.

40:16.790 --> 40:19.760
Starting with the joint peace that
every servers has a developed

40:20.010 --> 40:24.350
a persistent however to institutional
capacity to validates certifying

40:24.350 --> 40:29.230
fast track in a rapper bill only a
solutions replicate core alicia

40:29.230 --> 40:34.040
networks and documented a and inform
operation were core much

40:34.070 --> 40:37.620
and at the retreated store stuff.
It's a good and watch a great

40:37.620 --> 40:40.710
workers been done. But we've gotta
get out the door to deep sourced.

40:40.990 --> 40:44.530
It's about time now but the last
thing I did want to mention

40:44.570 --> 40:48.540
is so we talked about the operation
piece a that at the tactical

40:48.540 --> 40:50.420
level three things we gotta consider.

40:50.970 --> 40:55.800
Right uh how are we gonna go about
solving. The problem actor

40:55.800 --> 41:00.640
sing channel rubble of with tactical
for its uh. What horror

41:00.640 --> 41:04.740
solutions when it comes to reinforce
tracking said to which situation

41:04.740 --> 41:06.930
where inner city and these are things
that we need are industry

41:06.930 --> 41:10.410
partners and this is more for graham
to try and help us with

41:10.690 --> 41:14.000
an last but not least integrated
common operations picture.

41:14.580 --> 41:19.180
Yup how is it in who is going to
help us a lee ah the charge

41:19.180 --> 41:22.370
in terms of developing solution to
get and this is about a great

41:22.370 --> 41:24.990
work happening at the personal level
and above we're not there

41:24.990 --> 41:28.420
yet but died there are some wine
syrup spot that we've got to

41:28.420 --> 41:31.510
be gonna prevented should beans affected
and I reaching a cannot

41:31.540 --> 41:34.530
often will speak in terms of those
three years of adjustment

41:34.930 --> 41:38.860
began syrup. I pursuit the opting
to participate and I look for to.

41:38.860 --> 41:39.770
The course spanking.

41:41.000 --> 41:44.230
Sure thud thank you for that unfurl
the braille assure. You beauty

41:44.230 --> 41:46.490
each Benny. Crashes. So
you say you brine.

41:47.950 --> 41:52.120
Bring us around to the notion overs.
We operate in the paid to

41:52.120 --> 41:55.410
my or with Jordan Malta national
partners the ability to bring

41:55.410 --> 41:57.130
all these aspects together.

41:57.800 --> 42:01.370
So that we can practice and improve
our interoperability is a

42:01.370 --> 42:05.440
key aspect of of what we do it for
a moment german surf you to

42:05.440 --> 42:09.140
dissipate conjure you three if you
could do a speak to some of

42:09.140 --> 42:12.620
those opportunities. We have in
the play commodity order train

42:12.620 --> 42:15.620
together and operate one of those
conditions that will test our

42:15.620 --> 42:17.280
capabilities to be a drawer purple.

42:18.440 --> 42:21.410
That thanks for their soon after
by west ham onset moved farther

42:21.410 --> 42:24.320
down to the right here. I go to
a third handle the pry had me

42:24.320 --> 42:25.280
in a corner over there.

42:26.190 --> 42:26.500
Uh uh.

42:27.580 --> 42:31.950
Yeah. And Not start a feel like like
probably like demo can Kate

42:31.950 --> 42:35.130
felt like what is an Macarthur southwest
of pacific headquarters

42:35.130 --> 42:37.780
just the loan and Anna for a is
is meat admiral crutch field

42:37.780 --> 42:39.000
here today an act.

42:39.620 --> 42:43.160
I like I welcomed a whole wide everybody
pacific command's headquarters

42:43.190 --> 42:46.940
a and us to take why a really is
a symbolic the wait here between

42:46.940 --> 42:51.440
the east and west and a really opens
up a United States to the

42:51.440 --> 42:54.390
region is the most important and
rapidly growing in the world

42:54.710 --> 42:58.680
the region who security is very
much under penned by the joined

42:58.720 --> 43:02.640
the bank and in op ability of our
forces all the forces of five

43:02.640 --> 43:07.010
of our seven treaty bound allies and
those of those I that partners

43:07.010 --> 43:10.060
with whom we a very close relations
and that are key players

43:10.060 --> 43:11.530
here in the indo pacific region.

43:12.390 --> 43:15.630
You know we understand a says nine-eleven
we as a nation have

43:15.630 --> 43:19.070
been significantly occupied dealing
with effects of instability

43:19.070 --> 43:23.340
weak governments an govern spaces
and extremists rats employing

43:23.340 --> 43:25.840
a so much a capabilities
mostly another ayo ours.

43:26.600 --> 43:29.580
And and while we is of military
still remaining gazing can bad

43:29.580 --> 43:32.770
in east tracks and very spices
around the world the president

43:32.770 --> 43:35.780
did make it clear to us and highlighted
the vital importance

43:35.780 --> 43:40.000
of the indo asia pacific region and
directed us a as United States

43:40.000 --> 43:43.070
government and psps if the the military
the shift its focus and

43:43.070 --> 43:45.110
pivot our efforts towards this region.

43:46.320 --> 43:50.430
This sets strategic re balance requires
us first an fours foremost

43:50.430 --> 43:54.430
to wry continue. Our vital role here
as the main pillar of security

43:54.430 --> 43:58.130
the region as he done over the last
70 years a bit more precisely

43:58.130 --> 44:02.040
you'd say since october 19 44 with
a victory in the philippines

44:02.040 --> 44:05.560
on the ground in the victory that
in the philippines see buying

44:05.560 --> 44:10.840
a re naryn able forces. We have
provided security blanket.

44:11.390 --> 44:14.390
Uh for this region that is
a lout the prosperity.

44:15.100 --> 44:18.670
That's in turn because the growth
of the democracies and the

44:18.670 --> 44:22.380
market based economies that are
now fueling our own economy.

44:23.000 --> 44:26.330
Uh and nat 70 years a commitment
the United States is gonna need

44:26.330 --> 44:27.060
be continue.

44:27.590 --> 44:28.730
I think are are a.

44:29.750 --> 44:32.880
Our framer it says they are framework
of a pretty are free mep

44:32.880 --> 44:33.860
for continuing that.

44:34.720 --> 44:37.020
A nice to be in a eight
needs to be.

44:37.880 --> 44:40.560
Skewed nicholas five proper second
but that have it is gonna

44:40.560 --> 44:43.360
requires to build on that foundation
that we status over the

44:43.360 --> 44:47.260
last 70 years as can require additional
effort to ensure that

44:47.260 --> 44:50.380
america's role remains central predominant.
I think this comes

44:50.380 --> 44:52.790
in the face of a clear competition.

44:53.580 --> 44:56.680
And clear indications from a competitor
who watched overturn

44:56.680 --> 45:00.040
this current security framework
within asian base for a market

45:00.040 --> 45:02.380
either excludes are minimises
United States.

45:03.040 --> 45:06.060
And given that uncertainty of what
a new asia based started from

45:06.060 --> 45:09.740
a quote look like a one that we
are teenos lacks transparency.

45:10.480 --> 45:13.640
And uses corset measures against
our allies and partners.

45:14.460 --> 45:18.150
Our efforts again in a to be re double
to ensure that we continue

45:18.150 --> 45:21.330
to serve as the honest broker and
ed we continue insurer the

45:21.330 --> 45:23.950
peace and security or for the
next 70 years and be on.

45:25.400 --> 45:27.470
And we need to do this in a matter
that hopeful that hopefully

45:27.470 --> 45:30.870
turns out cooperative late. But
also in a manner that fosters

45:30.870 --> 45:34.040
United States its allies in key
partners to be of that dress

45:34.040 --> 45:38.700
any challenges with ready in opera
ball joint and combined efforts.

45:39.340 --> 45:42.340
And every brings me to the topic
assess to to comment on which

45:42.340 --> 45:45.920
is a joined the buying an opera voting
through plans and exercises.

45:46.810 --> 45:49.700
We think that building that combining
opera ruby is in fact a

45:49.700 --> 45:53.130
major effort a pay come the Jakarta's
a taken operational approach

45:53.130 --> 45:55.670
with our service components with
our allies and partners.

45:56.340 --> 45:59.230
One where the and state is preventing
conflict and protecting

45:59.230 --> 46:01.190
the interests United States
and our partners.

46:01.990 --> 46:05.080
But also is director of operations.
I look at this as a main

46:05.080 --> 46:08.980
effort to improve our readiness
and upper body of our own you

46:08.980 --> 46:11.390
west forces the training exercises.

46:11.960 --> 46:14.060
Not only an a and a manner
that links them.

46:14.630 --> 46:19.320
A to impeachment exercises but very
specifically him that links

46:19.320 --> 46:22.180
them the better supporting
the operation of a sign.

46:22.700 --> 46:24.350
And under pens are were. Plans.

46:26.620 --> 46:29.250
We believe that we get it we have
to build a critical war fighting

46:29.250 --> 46:30.930
functions of command control.

46:31.990 --> 46:35.370
Informed by intelligence in a common
operational picture with

46:35.370 --> 46:37.430
our ability to maneuver and posture.

46:38.040 --> 46:40.370
While sustaining that force
in a persisted manner.

46:41.080 --> 46:44.690
And what are the real keys for us
is enabling an actual unaffected

46:44.770 --> 46:47.910
harding and fires process that
a began to wither out here.

46:48.420 --> 46:51.400
I enough so ties we joke with the
jay fact and save the last

46:51.430 --> 46:54.270
really good eight shield was written
as Puerto linebacker to

46:54.600 --> 46:58.060
in december 19 72 but in and reality
we do abbott a rope.

46:58.060 --> 47:01.700
Feisty fact process. But we need
to read them to improve the

47:01.700 --> 47:05.400
ligature the jay for jay fact shift
make jeff wet working together.

47:05.960 --> 47:08.590
To build a the key elements
of the entire force.

47:09.750 --> 47:12.570
To implement this up operation
approach in a replicated in a

47:12.570 --> 47:16.000
joint the buying training exercises
it really does require us

47:16.220 --> 47:19.420
to understand operational environment
define. The problem is

47:19.420 --> 47:23.830
a truly is an truthfully each services
given their individual focus.

47:24.440 --> 47:27.030
Could see the Prom slightly differently.
So so important for

47:27.030 --> 47:30.860
us to pay column for for the service
is to develop a common understanding

47:30.860 --> 47:34.450
that at the operational barman and
to find a Prom in a way that

47:34.450 --> 47:37.590
the services can and develop
a necessary. Capabilities.

47:38.620 --> 47:41.350
And training exercise their forces
in a matter that the about

47:41.350 --> 47:44.320
that helps support retaining our
military strategic and States.

47:45.550 --> 47:48.570
You are we rabid is pay coms rope.
Notifying the same state and

47:48.600 --> 47:51.280
build the joint army navy
air marine team.

47:51.850 --> 47:53.010
That that that.

47:53.660 --> 47:56.830
To adapt in a matter which helps
support retaining steady state

47:56.830 --> 47:59.010
objectors and very for contingencies.

48:00.190 --> 48:03.150
Whenever locker came in the very
first thing he told a staff

48:03.150 --> 48:07.610
is we need the operation allies
our kepler on operational as

48:07.610 --> 48:09.320
our staff we meant by that.

48:10.340 --> 48:13.600
Was build it to owing force command
been employed employees.

48:13.630 --> 48:16.520
It's peter functional Capone
a commanders bitch. If mike.

48:17.090 --> 48:19.040
The jay fact image ethnic.

48:19.790 --> 48:22.830
And look at our staff is one that
is that adjusting a strategically

48:22.830 --> 48:27.470
oriented staff is an operational a oriented
staff is strategically inform.

48:28.250 --> 48:31.460
To this and he asked the joint staff
the commas sas are exercise

48:31.460 --> 48:34.830
program the very specifically look
at what our for falls work.

48:35.720 --> 48:38.700
The study was informative the first
thing a because I'm a lot

48:38.700 --> 48:42.050
dinner do was take the jay seven
comply could back into the jay

48:42.050 --> 48:46.040
three mortar better supervisor training
ready to as an exercise. Efforts.

48:48.410 --> 48:51.270
He then took a look at the that for
the ron five recommendations

48:51.270 --> 48:55.150
ridges or staff gave us the first
one was integrate the execution

48:55.150 --> 48:58.570
of exercises indoor batter rhythm and
not let them run independently

48:58.940 --> 49:02.380
and more partly integrate exercise
planning and are about from

49:02.380 --> 49:06.080
sorted that bader rippon practice.
The second was linker exercises

49:06.410 --> 49:09.100
to direct objectives and that
peter campaign plans.

49:09.740 --> 49:13.400
The third was expand the exercise
program to have better assessment

49:13.400 --> 49:16.110
crosses the seep we get the operation
was I mean they're.

49:16.700 --> 49:19.620
The fourth was implement solutions
to get that batter crunching

49:19.650 --> 49:23.620
that uh information of ther's and
jay thames a global test miss

49:23.620 --> 49:25.950
all very pouring systems but important.

49:26.570 --> 49:29.660
To ensure that we're getting back
that up back out of the exercises

49:29.690 --> 49:33.340
in in in into the took of wanna commanders
and finally we needed

49:33.340 --> 49:37.350
a veiled to squeak elements of our
operation was Simon schemes

49:37.350 --> 49:41.190
of maneuver indoor exercise sonar.
It was so that we were trained

49:41.190 --> 49:44.270
to the way we fight and not training
to way that was conducive

49:44.310 --> 49:48.080
tour our allies and partners developing
their capabilities Jews

49:48.080 --> 49:51.590
solely to the or our ally supporters of
of nickel from it their capabilities.

49:52.450 --> 49:56.160
So if you look there are exercise design
now and it has for keep opponents.

49:56.160 --> 49:59.790
One is we have to that's four corners
of a box the first is what

49:59.790 --> 50:02.970
of the sect a defense tell us to
peel to do and the global from

50:02.970 --> 50:06.850
the force the second as what did
at my locker jealous of do and

50:06.850 --> 50:10.280
building our security for operate
a corporation objectives the

50:10.280 --> 50:13.710
third is would of the services me
and a readiness of crimes to

50:13.710 --> 50:17.340
build those um military capabilities
and a fourth was what our

50:17.340 --> 50:18.550
allies and partners do.

50:19.070 --> 50:21.800
So we now I said within only one
element of those any division

50:21.800 --> 50:25.110
exercise each exercise slip of
all four elements about fox.

50:26.420 --> 50:29.560
The scene at about a time are just
wrap this up by saying that

50:29.710 --> 50:30.710
that are in ten.

50:31.580 --> 50:35.250
Was to measure really improve our readiness
and opera of a interoperability

50:35.280 --> 50:38.170
in a manner that is consistent
with the operational designer

50:38.170 --> 50:42.490
for were plans and backs up our messes
of determination determination

50:42.490 --> 50:45.970
to maintain our central role in
pair team to pieces the voting

50:45.970 --> 50:48.880
in this region for the next seven
years as we heard had for the

50:48.880 --> 50:50.350
past 70 years facts.

50:51.530 --> 50:54.920
Certain stay shear presentation.
CERN gel unfurl the thank you

50:54.920 --> 50:58.160
for real pretty we march for the
audience from going to show

50:58.160 --> 51:01.050
a great now into the de question
answered parade and and i've

51:01.050 --> 51:04.730
taken the opportunity eager to
go through some reason in gel

51:04.730 --> 51:07.170
or what would tell you is we have
a very broad and diverse array

51:07.170 --> 51:07.930
of questions here.

51:08.570 --> 51:12.020
Um I made a I may end up paraphrase
use some I used to put them

51:12.020 --> 51:15.390
in the right context on changing
the meaning of a these uh but

51:15.390 --> 51:18.650
will go ahead and I'd get star
on that in the first one.

51:19.280 --> 51:22.400
Of for at moment permission will
to sort out the you because

51:22.400 --> 51:26.030
I think this one transitions to
a degree on were you were use

51:26.030 --> 51:28.090
looked often discussed of exercises.

51:28.840 --> 51:33.610
And it's a question including example
um how flexible response

51:33.610 --> 51:36.470
of is the pretty calm exercise program.

51:37.220 --> 51:42.330
And it it goes on with if if an
opportunity emerges to modify

51:42.330 --> 51:46.650
one of our bilateral exercise to
include multinational partners

51:46.880 --> 51:48.750
for multilateral partners
more than one.

51:49.510 --> 51:53.670
Uh how quickly can we react to
debt to capitalization on the

51:53.670 --> 51:55.270
opportunity of the present.

51:56.930 --> 51:59.420
We just went through that exercise
pretty care for a mean the

51:59.660 --> 52:02.510
exercise are doing exercises very
carefully. Now say that up

52:02.960 --> 52:07.710
it's not is flexible issue of one
um when we decided to take

52:07.740 --> 52:10.930
three elements the operation was
sign and in certain targets

52:10.930 --> 52:14.200
are in them and exercises such
a summer yuccas only one zone

52:14.200 --> 52:18.840
is valued. She older um so or a up
bilateral ones like more than

52:18.840 --> 52:22.210
aging teenage. You actually have
to look out about 15 months

52:22.620 --> 52:26.660
uh the exercise design cyclists
sex at the very fear that the

52:27.040 --> 52:30.560
egg that about 50 munt salad you
begin to build the scenario

52:30.590 --> 52:33.750
and be a key elements one out of
an exercise so if you wanna

52:33.750 --> 52:38.220
very significantly impact an exercise
15 months by to wanna have

52:38.220 --> 52:42.850
of a minor impact likely changed
to see to structure of you how

52:42.850 --> 52:46.120
high you would go for palace and
saber we did that about five

52:46.120 --> 52:49.280
months out so if you wanna
affected the actual.

52:49.790 --> 52:51.810
Uh no that the the of.

52:52.350 --> 52:56.520
The arc of the exercise you need
about 50 much out if you wanna

52:57.010 --> 53:01.150
um tweet be a product of that about
six months out probably not

53:01.150 --> 53:04.120
the flexibility wanted here. But realistically
to ensure that were.

53:05.010 --> 53:10.120
Uh. Spending are fine it are very
limited exercise a fines and

53:10.120 --> 53:14.450
the weakening in a a fiscal a rational
way you cannot have significant

53:14.450 --> 53:17.270
changes to exercises to
close to. Execution.

53:19.160 --> 53:19.820
Like you sure.

53:20.400 --> 53:24.350
But joel moon next the next question
that past to do with.

53:25.700 --> 53:30.100
Powell we employee can leverage
the entire array of contract

53:30.100 --> 53:34.930
inch support for our systems that
we use on the battlefield and

53:34.930 --> 53:35.680
in training.

53:36.420 --> 53:41.470
And for a a for general lanza and
them for general burger and

53:41.470 --> 53:44.690
she quench of from from each of
the perspective of each element

53:45.100 --> 53:48.550
as you planned for join come
buying. Interoperability.

53:49.290 --> 53:52.720
Know how to use a dress employment
of contract of contractors

53:52.720 --> 53:56.780
on the battlefield which is time
as we've seen over the past

53:56.780 --> 54:01.170
10 15 years have become a very key
enabler that allows or systems

54:01.170 --> 54:04.570
be calm inter are purple and particular
when we don't nationally

54:04.570 --> 54:09.570
have the same access to the level of support
in a training preparation varma.

54:10.030 --> 54:12.750
Joe. We're just or limey start
that that's are great question

54:12.780 --> 54:16.050
and I'd like let me get you a little
bit of caveat just for my

54:16.050 --> 54:19.720
perspective and for score and we'll
talk about the striker formation

54:19.720 --> 54:21.210
over the last couple years.

54:21.750 --> 54:26.430
And if the ability to have to rely
on general dynamics and reps

54:26.430 --> 54:28.480
obviously for readiness
of the striker flea.

54:29.100 --> 54:31.850
And this is something that adjusts
speaking from for score and

54:31.850 --> 54:35.310
uh and and woke that from the arms
perspective that at a feel

54:35.310 --> 54:38.510
service reps right now or something
that we have to look at across

54:38.510 --> 54:42.180
the board in terms of our Billy
to achieve readiness in terms

54:42.180 --> 54:44.840
of our ability to maintain
in sustain our systems.

54:45.350 --> 54:49.770
If we build interoperability right
now without simplistic solutions.

54:50.480 --> 54:53.990
That's soldiers can live perched
that marines sailors airmen

54:53.990 --> 54:57.460
can live purge of ano have all
life cycle where at this SARS

54:57.460 --> 55:01.210
whether it's a CG see rotation a
whether it's a deployment when

55:01.210 --> 55:04.560
you're ready mrs predicated on
fm source. There is probably a

55:04.560 --> 55:08.170
requirement obviously in some cases
for a for SARS uh. But if

55:08.200 --> 55:11.150
the readiness base wide is predicated
on systems that have to

55:11.150 --> 55:12.960
be done with contracts in the future.

55:13.500 --> 55:15.960
With where we're going in terms
of ready missed dollars.

55:15.990 --> 55:18.640
The you look at greatness requirements
not just the build kern

55:18.640 --> 55:21.400
readiness of where we're going with
modernisation in the future

55:21.400 --> 55:24.750
in terms of a potential challengers
abetted that is something

55:24.780 --> 55:28.240
that that that has to be dressed
right now the to to tail ratio

55:28.240 --> 55:31.360
with with the stars when you go to
a C C rotation. It's extremely

55:31.360 --> 55:34.430
march or for some of or systems
but I will tell you that if you

55:34.430 --> 55:37.020
look at this and the future to
a point that was made or we're

55:37.270 --> 55:40.540
what can we do to develop a lead system
in a greater for technological

55:40.540 --> 55:43.650
solutions that in some cases were
solving. One problem at the

55:43.650 --> 55:47.130
expense of other problems even without
on abc 's systems right.

55:47.130 --> 55:49.690
Now if you look at the fay to its
if you look at and using Pew

55:49.690 --> 55:53.440
look a tad. Yes each one of those
basically operate on the same

55:53.440 --> 55:56.550
principles beget in some cases
we have different integration

55:56.550 --> 55:59.380
of those systems and workarounds
I'd have to be done in some

55:59.380 --> 56:02.760
cases we field systems and and automatically
we happy ma'at that

56:02.760 --> 56:06.230
has to be done as soon as we feel
the capability. So I would

56:06.230 --> 56:08.460
think we're looking at a couple
of things first of all how you

56:08.460 --> 56:10.650
deliver a technology very quickly.

56:11.610 --> 56:14.690
And how do you get back to the
operator how was the operator

56:14.830 --> 56:18.130
linked to a technological solution
just talking to some of the

56:18.130 --> 56:21.970
teammates next store on had a we've
built requirements that ernest

56:21.970 --> 56:24.830
that in terms of what the operator
can do the network integration

56:24.830 --> 56:28.380
exercise a fork lawyers is one would
ever getting after there's

56:28.410 --> 56:31.830
within the army and and the third
thing about all few is sack

56:31.830 --> 56:36.160
can we develop simplistic technological
solutions that span different

56:36.160 --> 56:40.000
services and and what are we we've
we've buying of for different

56:40.000 --> 56:42.560
countries are for buying different
programs that are not and

56:42.560 --> 56:45.370
rajpal one we buy them and and
certainly we're going to have

56:45.370 --> 56:48.690
challenges not just with delivery
capabilities. But also the

56:48.690 --> 56:50.390
authorities that come with of. Systems.

56:53.720 --> 56:54.500
Who would

56:56.440 --> 56:56.980
You know.

56:57.920 --> 57:01.240
We were a lot of our contractors
in the last 10 12 years but

57:01.290 --> 57:05.830
to beat the been around about a hundred
and Twenty years probably.

57:06.890 --> 57:07.730
A long time.

57:09.070 --> 57:12.530
But you're probably was into the
last decade we really started.

57:14.000 --> 57:17.420
Open up again some of the challenges
I think first and foremost

57:17.850 --> 57:19.920
a I am a believer that did it.

57:21.030 --> 57:26.600
Me star country needs a a rapidly
deplorable expeditionary force.

57:27.990 --> 57:31.770
That does not rely on field service
reps are contractors to get

57:31.770 --> 57:33.940
there and it doesn't mean
that they will come.

57:34.480 --> 57:35.150
Behind its.

57:36.530 --> 57:42.480
But the forces that we send in in uncertain
world cannot be reliant on.

57:43.580 --> 57:45.260
Should not be reliant phone.

57:46.600 --> 57:51.400
They get to say it's time to uh we
have to decide what we can afford.

57:52.190 --> 57:56.210
Interns to of the uniformed service
member doing that job pursues

57:56.210 --> 57:58.650
hired a contractor in
a field service rap.

57:59.540 --> 58:03.420
Especially in some equipment that
we have right now where this

58:03.420 --> 58:04.560
is complicated stuff.

58:05.150 --> 58:07.130
Interstate current in and
it's really difficult.

58:08.210 --> 58:13.150
Do of their some balance between
the side in what is in a uniform

58:13.260 --> 58:17.290
and and what is not and what we
need and can't afford to deploy

58:17.290 --> 58:20.900
for its europe tactical commander
yoon knows which you know the

58:20.900 --> 58:23.830
headaches that you have it
just accounting for them.

58:24.590 --> 58:27.640
Calm many part in my bals
that's where our date.

58:28.250 --> 58:29.650
Who was responsible for them.

58:30.560 --> 58:34.100
Uh and yet you know at the same
time you can live without.

58:35.930 --> 58:40.170
Um. I don't think they're gonna
go wait. I don't think we can

58:40.170 --> 58:41.760
waste them away nor should we.

58:42.450 --> 58:46.530
We have to figure up from what's appeared
we need and can't afford

58:46.530 --> 58:50.610
to do and meeting and and ought to
do that were see uniform and what.

58:51.320 --> 58:51.840
Does not.

58:52.430 --> 58:56.350
I think in the and in the in the initial
forces that are combatant

58:56.350 --> 58:58.380
commander news us to to buy.

58:59.790 --> 59:01.850
That has to be in the pending.

59:02.480 --> 59:06.210
Of a of field service reps and
hp contractors and that in the

59:06.210 --> 59:07.220
initial portion of.

59:07.790 --> 59:10.380
But we we need to play sunday
and not far behind.

59:11.570 --> 59:12.110
Thank you sure.

59:12.730 --> 59:13.370
But ginger.

59:14.090 --> 59:16.450
Carette a further insight
on the particular corsin.

59:17.100 --> 59:21.590
Or to thank you. Yeah I yeah this
is one that i've probably spin

59:21.590 --> 59:24.070
more time thinking about them
dinner probably ought to.

59:25.100 --> 59:28.040
Uh that did that there's a reason
for that sort of personnel

59:28.040 --> 59:30.190
stated that there is enough.

59:31.280 --> 59:34.980
That we can actually accomplish
without the great americans did

59:35.050 --> 59:35.640
did makeup.

59:36.490 --> 59:37.670
The our industry part.

59:39.110 --> 59:40.790
Mean almost every major.

59:41.370 --> 59:46.240
Change that that's occurred that's
been positive over last 14

59:46.240 --> 59:49.980
years it continues conflict. If
you go back and take a look at

59:49.980 --> 59:53.230
the origin of that it was based on
the relationship uh that we've

59:53.260 --> 59:55.740
had with their industry
are it's. However.

59:56.700 --> 01:00:01.690
Um. What we're look in any manner
is kind of a different situation.

01:00:01.690 --> 01:00:05.030
It didn't get work at a point. We'll
rip really gotta have a discussion.

01:00:06.140 --> 01:00:12.240
And a to have a lot to do we is
a that 73% a that I mention or

01:00:12.240 --> 01:00:16.990
with a of the forces came in after
not what began de strained

01:00:17.230 --> 01:00:21.780
a that's aged katie probably best
led army we've ever hair for

01:00:21.780 --> 01:00:23.200
there's another side of the equation.

01:00:23.750 --> 01:00:27.440
And so I talked about the fact an organization
dez a lot of training

01:00:27.550 --> 01:00:30.750
and and delivering right innocent.
We've been monitoring sea quiche.

01:00:30.750 --> 01:00:34.690
You rotations al and participating
and Uh for about the about

01:00:34.750 --> 01:00:39.310
leader not a said different to
DC rotation since last may.

01:00:40.130 --> 01:00:43.630
And at our duty another number
a another couple of numbers a

01:00:43.660 --> 01:00:45.830
batch said to be tonight the person.

01:00:46.810 --> 01:00:51.360
They're seven eight to 90% is the
percentage of trouble tickets

01:00:51.360 --> 01:00:54.030
to its submitted at its
cpec worked action.

01:00:54.710 --> 01:00:57.620
Uh and when you go when it salmon
that trouble ticket and then

01:00:57.650 --> 01:01:01.400
this is not this concepts practices.
I star platforms of says

01:01:01.400 --> 01:01:06.180
about a command systems issues are
with the church he for a platforms

01:01:06.210 --> 01:01:09.430
and in addition to that power and
energy I'm I'm pretty sure

01:01:09.430 --> 01:01:12.910
if you look under the other rocks
find the same thing the some

01:01:12.910 --> 01:01:16.100
were between 70 to 90 pursuit trouble
tickets to get to knitted

01:01:16.130 --> 01:01:19.510
if you opened the tmss for the particular
assemble which is to

01:01:19.560 --> 01:01:24.800
operator while for a prop a that
we're calling contractors to

01:01:24.800 --> 01:01:29.950
church insert the same time since
2004 are contracting logistical

01:01:29.950 --> 01:01:35.030
support to has gone from about
40 million dollars in 2004 to

01:01:35.030 --> 01:01:37.860
just under a billion not
some 20 fourteen.

01:01:38.660 --> 01:01:42.250
And sue you combined the two were
at a point where we've got

01:01:42.310 --> 01:01:46.060
to get operators doing operator.
Well it's an show.

01:01:46.090 --> 01:01:49.130
Absolutely when you're industry
partners who would we really

01:01:49.130 --> 01:01:51.860
want amnesty partners to be doing
we need then do in the brain

01:01:51.860 --> 01:01:55.600
surgery not checking pops and
that's where the awkward.

01:01:56.300 --> 01:01:59.940
And Co we've grew out of balance
right now and turns in our use

01:02:00.000 --> 01:02:03.250
of the expertise it comes with
are great in three four years

01:02:03.630 --> 01:02:06.650
and Das are a lot of admission is
on going to get it home station

01:02:06.650 --> 01:02:10.190
training because I think this is
worth this belongs to loosen

01:02:10.190 --> 01:02:13.500
shut and to rotary taking what we're
learning at the sheepy she

01:02:13.500 --> 01:02:17.330
rotation going into enjoyment master
had a discussion about of

01:02:17.330 --> 01:02:21.480
this morning the going into trade
i've been into forces commanded

01:02:21.510 --> 01:02:24.960
operational part of your me with
those lessons that we're we're

01:02:24.960 --> 01:02:29.810
in the expression terms up to the
specific eye train shortfalls

01:02:29.810 --> 01:02:30.330
that person.

01:02:31.830 --> 01:02:32.400
Thank you sir.

01:02:33.900 --> 01:02:37.900
The next the next question is a
an open Pinault large coarsens.

01:02:37.900 --> 01:02:41.750
So pass do with leader development
term. So interoperability.

01:02:42.710 --> 01:02:46.850
I'm a out to use one up and she
has put the john what master

01:02:46.850 --> 01:02:50.190
I think the um I will will starch
you all for this one in that

01:02:50.190 --> 01:02:53.650
I think for general as a general
burger and a mr. Skew rather

01:02:53.650 --> 01:02:56.600
there's an opportunity here for him
to him to reach an discussion

01:02:56.600 --> 01:02:57.010
on there's.

01:02:57.540 --> 01:03:02.020
Um. Show starring a jar master.
Sure discuss what fundamental

01:03:02.020 --> 01:03:03.340
changes are needed.

01:03:04.070 --> 01:03:08.390
At the officer enlisted academics
servers institutions to perform

01:03:08.420 --> 01:03:14.040
20 20 25 are pouring concepts. Geared
towards a inter op are ability.

01:03:15.220 --> 01:03:17.150
Of based on what we discussed
those four.

01:03:17.840 --> 01:03:19.590
Vocational really.

01:03:20.110 --> 01:03:23.490
Whatever size probably your four
key areas for us right the first

01:03:23.490 --> 01:03:27.460
tuesday in docked grenade concepts
show. How the nietzsche partner

01:03:27.460 --> 01:03:31.290
abilities really important and and
I think you know it's really

01:03:31.290 --> 01:03:34.460
part improve on what mistress curative
said no they're really

01:03:34.460 --> 01:03:37.930
you get to pay attention to the
human dimensions of off in a

01:03:37.930 --> 01:03:41.410
rocker ability in a particular
you know we have to develop a

01:03:41.410 --> 01:03:45.540
common understanding of how we operate
together as a joint inter

01:03:45.540 --> 01:03:48.720
war insatiable multinational
complying teams.

01:03:49.510 --> 01:03:52.430
We have to be able to understand
how to train together or in

01:03:52.430 --> 01:03:57.110
how to develop training exercises
in a way were we can be our

01:03:57.110 --> 01:04:00.120
objectives associate with interoperability.

01:04:01.010 --> 01:04:05.240
We have to develop relationships and
and awe and obviously developed

01:04:05.240 --> 01:04:08.690
world leaders. So that they understand
imports in developing

01:04:08.690 --> 01:04:14.140
relationships based on northern
trust. No i've and and up and

01:04:14.170 --> 01:04:17.580
respects and common
purpose uh as well.

01:04:18.830 --> 01:04:21.840
And I think we have to understand
really bore qualities. We needed

01:04:21.870 --> 01:04:25.660
in our a and our material solutions
in or treat york mutations

01:04:25.660 --> 01:04:29.030
capability in particular to allow
inner opera notices of are

01:04:29.030 --> 01:04:32.730
important educational aspect of
there's an is can it be patient

01:04:32.730 --> 01:04:35.700
solid doctrinal and conceptual foundation.

01:04:36.420 --> 01:04:38.720
The second thing that we have to
be of would do is continue a

01:04:38.720 --> 01:04:43.200
we assess how to rocker will we all
we can do desperate trading.

01:04:43.710 --> 01:04:45.340
We did you got to operations.

01:04:45.950 --> 01:04:50.380
But what we are doing it our army
is we're doing that's a framework

01:04:50.380 --> 01:04:53.670
for learning called the army
were fighting challengers.

01:04:54.290 --> 01:04:59.640
You army were 40 challenges for
20 first quarter questions the

01:04:59.670 --> 01:05:01.570
answers to which will improve.

01:05:02.140 --> 01:05:06.100
Current and future force combat
effectiveness. There are using

01:05:06.130 --> 01:05:09.370
in iraq were Doherty components
to every one of the nhs.

01:05:09.890 --> 01:05:10.880
So for example.

01:05:11.400 --> 01:05:16.290
How to do develop and sustain a high
degree of situation understanding

01:05:16.740 --> 01:05:20.040
in complex in garments biggest
adoptive enters that's in and

01:05:20.040 --> 01:05:23.470
doreen were 40 challenge and it's
something we have to do together

01:05:23.500 --> 01:05:29.010
latest as multinational are gonna peter
worries a shawl a joint teach.

01:05:29.510 --> 01:05:30.580
How to we sustain.

01:05:31.140 --> 01:05:36.080
Freedom of movement and action at the
end of the extended a contested

01:05:36.440 --> 01:05:40.140
lots of communications it all a
skier can farmhouse like gets

01:05:40.140 --> 01:05:41.160
to sustainability.

01:05:41.780 --> 01:05:45.200
And it really just a how we do that
together as a multinational team.

01:05:45.770 --> 01:05:49.270
In the context of multinational
operations to the second to be

01:05:49.270 --> 01:05:50.970
a Jews we continually as sass.

01:05:51.620 --> 01:05:55.250
The third thing we have to do is war
we have to warrant to get that.

01:05:56.270 --> 01:05:59.460
And the way we do that is through
what we're calling as an umbrella

01:05:59.740 --> 01:06:02.870
term forced 20 25 maneuvers.

01:06:03.470 --> 01:06:07.730
It's everything the week a green
from joint training exercises

01:06:08.000 --> 01:06:12.380
for our combat training center exercises
from pacific pathways

01:06:12.380 --> 01:06:16.570
and and other are associated operations
the for mobile long history

01:06:16.570 --> 01:06:19.780
of of a fighting in working in
serving together that we have

01:06:19.780 --> 01:06:21.030
on the korean peninsula.

01:06:21.950 --> 01:06:25.680
But it's also for its fermentation
program its core due to fight

01:06:25.680 --> 01:06:26.770
challenge for for me.

01:06:27.450 --> 01:06:31.430
And it's our army were fighting assessment
which is art capstone.

01:06:31.970 --> 01:06:36.570
In iraq were Doherty exercise in and
uh I'm for re graceful before

01:06:36.620 --> 01:06:40.230
for user packed sponsoring. You
army were fighting assessed.

01:06:40.230 --> 01:06:44.030
It cannot told work of 27teen reckon
away for that working together

01:06:44.030 --> 01:06:46.190
with with user pack now on it.

01:06:46.860 --> 01:06:50.560
In it's where the sarcoma in and
I use 16 one for the first or

01:06:50.560 --> 01:06:54.470
we were footing assessment
and 17 40 have 12 nations.

01:06:55.020 --> 01:06:59.230
All services of corey realistic
and challenging scenario.

01:06:59.890 --> 01:07:03.280
And it's in the context of that
assessment that we will do what

01:07:03.380 --> 01:07:05.070
which are a proper some
of the back intake.

01:07:05.590 --> 01:07:08.350
Lard from that and they get it
don right there are so that's

01:07:08.820 --> 01:07:11.340
the worst part of this is an
imitation of what we work.

01:07:12.060 --> 01:07:15.920
And it and how to we do that we have
to collaborate across all community.

01:07:15.920 --> 01:07:19.340
So with dog your to lead the citizen
ob system in the group in

01:07:19.340 --> 01:07:22.570
a greater hugo integration is in
arc its main wrote. We gotta

01:07:22.570 --> 01:07:25.930
be orbit fibula convened
the right team together.

01:07:26.570 --> 01:07:30.080
Our program it's taken of all Cirque
a good day at first she

01:07:30.080 --> 01:07:35.000
3G indications commuters. It's a
and uh uh uh. So forces is so

01:07:35.000 --> 01:07:36.070
uh is dan Hughes.

01:07:37.140 --> 01:07:41.010
We're working together with him
it was our army staff with the

01:07:41.010 --> 01:07:45.360
sustain the community are engineers
and scientists and with with

01:07:45.360 --> 01:07:48.640
our work with industry and this that
we were flirting assessment

01:07:48.640 --> 01:07:52.120
and are other urged fermentation.
You army expedition were 40

01:07:52.120 --> 01:07:53.630
is from a for Chapel for many.

01:07:54.160 --> 01:07:58.170
Big it it's real solutions in the
hands of or soldiers faster.

01:07:58.490 --> 01:08:01.670
We provide the back and the Street
and what we need a second

01:08:01.670 --> 01:08:05.080
a partnership that sustained partnership
between you would its

01:08:05.110 --> 01:08:07.380
users and designers right.

01:08:07.940 --> 01:08:11.850
We gotta make the systems better our
communications capability right.

01:08:11.850 --> 01:08:15.180
Now is suffering from three main
deficiencies and we've no it

01:08:15.180 --> 01:08:18.840
reported noted that first is it's
not complete yet right week.

01:08:19.220 --> 01:08:22.500
We developed a some larger measure
in our cylinder so back.

01:08:22.500 --> 01:08:25.870
So what's it all and that's what
we have different battle command

01:08:25.870 --> 01:08:28.990
systems for different were 40 function.
That's why we have more

01:08:28.990 --> 01:08:30.090
fighting challenges.

01:08:30.780 --> 01:08:33.820
Because we need to integrate across
were 40 functions were 40

01:08:33.820 --> 01:08:38.950
functions fires maneuvered. Intel
artificially separates those

01:08:38.950 --> 01:08:42.170
things which out to be routinely
come by what operations and

01:08:42.170 --> 01:08:46.530
so the so we we we know it's it's
it's not complete we needed

01:08:46.530 --> 01:08:49.370
a credible work on a common operated
farm appropriate together.

01:08:49.980 --> 01:08:52.540
And with the peace we've got that
we can see that in the future

01:08:52.540 --> 01:08:54.090
that that we're gonna integrate
those systems.

01:08:54.830 --> 01:08:59.010
The second part of that is because
of A political weakness and

01:08:59.010 --> 01:09:01.780
that the waist recluse together kids
for a complex and this gets

01:09:01.780 --> 01:09:05.270
that concerns rep thing in are and
a problem and ended and the

01:09:05.270 --> 01:09:09.390
up from as complexity the system
the 30 key area as as out on

01:09:09.390 --> 01:09:12.820
what probably was mentioned you a
lot of what we taken for granted

01:09:12.820 --> 01:09:17.150
is differential advantages are more
and more contested by enemies

01:09:17.150 --> 01:09:20.440
were determined to disrupt with
the sues or vacations earned

01:09:20.440 --> 01:09:23.880
at what strike capabilities
our mission can as systems.

01:09:24.580 --> 01:09:27.200
And so our systems of the because
of their complexity in large

01:09:27.200 --> 01:09:31.320
measure of also because a potential
enemy action in cyberspace

01:09:31.680 --> 01:09:33.730
in electromagnetic spectrum.

01:09:34.280 --> 01:09:37.450
Up are becoming more more vulnerable.
So we'd eat industry self

01:09:37.450 --> 01:09:38.310
in three things.

01:09:39.120 --> 01:09:42.780
To yo help complete this network
him that I think we need to

01:09:42.780 --> 01:09:45.800
move in the future toward us inclined
persist as thick client

01:09:45.800 --> 01:09:50.100
system where we can have interoperability
through just for for

01:09:50.130 --> 01:09:53.560
your for just a permissions for
for taxis are bad aspects of

01:09:53.560 --> 01:09:57.370
data you're can simple firewall this
hardware. We carry with us.

01:09:57.370 --> 01:10:00.790
You know the can make it and reduce
the surface spaces for bolt

01:10:00.790 --> 01:10:05.070
of cyber attacks for example we
need to develop these systems

01:10:05.380 --> 01:10:09.670
with a jury psychologists and human
factors engineers. So that

01:10:09.670 --> 01:10:12.540
they're simple but there's a there's
of there is a into would've

01:10:12.540 --> 01:10:16.260
in of a interface to the systems and
are you sure to make maintain.

01:10:17.230 --> 01:10:20.620
And and up and we have to move
toward a system that is a lot

01:10:20.620 --> 01:10:24.580
more easy to deploy and to immediately
establish can sustain

01:10:24.580 --> 01:10:27.640
communications and this will working
on under expedition or a

01:10:27.640 --> 01:10:28.330
mission from a out.

01:10:28.860 --> 01:10:31.820
There are tremendous possibility
so-so suited with this summit

01:10:31.820 --> 01:10:35.530
opportunities of we're not happy
out with our mission can as

01:10:35.530 --> 01:10:39.210
systems denier interoperability and
indo Sri areas of it's become

01:10:39.240 --> 01:10:40.080
three complete this.

01:10:40.650 --> 01:10:44.470
The complexity and the fragility
in for ability of it so well

01:10:44.470 --> 01:10:48.490
workout although serious and and
up and enforced which we five

01:10:48.490 --> 01:10:51.050
maneuvers as we do that are there
were 40 Sestak as a way to

01:10:51.050 --> 01:10:51.320
do that.

01:10:52.340 --> 01:10:56.550
Like assured into relative uh some
some very closely related

01:10:56.550 --> 01:11:00.030
question soaps are most said we offer
that one for mr. Skew read um.

01:11:00.540 --> 01:11:02.030
And it has to do sir with.

01:11:02.540 --> 01:11:06.590
The what are the potential training
solutions for future leaders

01:11:06.590 --> 01:11:12.160
to equip them to better operate.
And a a a a higher up tempo

01:11:12.160 --> 01:11:16.060
fast-paced information environment
to make decisions a faster

01:11:16.060 --> 01:11:17.020
than there ever sirs.

01:11:18.620 --> 01:11:22.020
Well much of what I talked about
and I wrote about is not rocket

01:11:22.020 --> 01:11:26.310
science and it especially to all of you
here today and the you-know-what

01:11:26.310 --> 01:11:29.860
about you these human dimension issues.
The problem is so sometimes

01:11:29.860 --> 01:11:33.180
we become overwhelmed him and over
committed and we forget about

01:11:33.250 --> 01:11:36.740
it and we forget about how with the
impact is for the other people.

01:11:37.260 --> 01:11:40.210
So I think with the things we need
to do is train early years

01:11:40.210 --> 01:11:44.620
to understand that better and perhaps
understand or develop strategies

01:11:44.620 --> 01:11:46.690
on how to reduce missed communications.

01:11:47.330 --> 01:11:51.190
And talking about the use and misuse
of technologies for instance

01:11:51.190 --> 01:11:54.190
don't use information systems
the micro manager team.

01:11:55.160 --> 01:11:59.080
Um well someone of discuss things.
So we will it's from product

01:11:59.080 --> 01:12:02.340
often about utilizing face-to-face
meetings and exercises to

01:12:02.340 --> 01:12:03.060
develop trust.

01:12:03.770 --> 01:12:04.770
Uh that is.

01:12:05.280 --> 01:12:08.560
Very very important. But also other
opportunities social opportunities

01:12:08.560 --> 01:12:12.070
and support the me with people
one-on-one and get to know the

01:12:12.070 --> 01:12:15.360
people on your potential team
before or crisis arises.

01:12:16.310 --> 01:12:17.280
Leaders need to be tot.

01:12:17.850 --> 01:12:21.950
Way and to have commanders intent
and when to provide much more

01:12:21.950 --> 01:12:26.120
detail very clear of mission roles
responsibilities when you're

01:12:26.120 --> 01:12:29.420
working with people and every day
uh they understand what you

01:12:29.420 --> 01:12:32.290
do one and what she meaning commanders
intend will work very

01:12:32.290 --> 01:12:36.860
well but when you're working with
people you haven't seen off

01:12:36.860 --> 01:12:39.940
in a or dave you'd never work with
them before you may need to

01:12:39.940 --> 01:12:43.970
of a be much clear provide much
more detail than your used to

01:12:44.020 --> 01:12:47.020
I think leaders the dentist and when
to do that when not to do that.

01:12:48.050 --> 01:12:51.230
There's a and it important. I'm
need to strike a bounced team

01:12:51.230 --> 01:12:56.530
structures and rule when your team
versus openness and flexibility

01:12:56.990 --> 01:13:00.600
you don't wanna get too flexible on
to open or people doing whatever

01:13:00.600 --> 01:13:03.400
they wanna do but you don't want
to control the too much.

01:13:03.760 --> 01:13:08.250
So do that to um may need to be approached
up for for the leaders.

01:13:09.190 --> 01:13:11.940
Finally Nader's leaders
need to what I'm.

01:13:12.730 --> 01:13:15.460
Priority mention is about not
using tools of micro manage.

01:13:16.260 --> 01:13:19.870
I think what I talked about is an
important area of with pollen.

01:13:19.870 --> 01:13:22.650
I did was we'd look to that you know
they're true there was available

01:13:22.650 --> 01:13:25.890
to us but I think there's a need
for more research in this area

01:13:25.890 --> 01:13:30.090
and what needs to be dime and apps
right at a manual for leaders

01:13:30.090 --> 01:13:33.860
on what to do not to do and having
a develop stronger working

01:13:33.860 --> 01:13:36.540
teams especially in developing
swiss trust.

01:13:37.940 --> 01:13:38.550
Thank you sir.

01:13:39.530 --> 01:13:43.200
Jarman can Sicily to rope used dude.
We've had duck quite a few

01:13:43.290 --> 01:13:45.820
questions that overlap
in the realm of.

01:13:46.550 --> 01:13:51.550
Operating in and inter up ruble fashion
in a show labor a do main.

01:13:52.220 --> 01:13:56.210
I'm chauffeur for general lanza
certain about your thoughts and

01:13:56.210 --> 01:14:00.150
discussion on what roles and actions
can land forces date.

01:14:00.770 --> 01:14:04.470
To SEC conditions for an open and
secure cyber global common.

01:14:05.000 --> 01:14:08.740
The background of this one is our technologies
increasingly depending

01:14:08.770 --> 01:14:12.950
on cyberspace to achieve interoperability
in particular when

01:14:12.950 --> 01:14:17.320
operating in the the jordie here in see
inter governmental multinational

01:14:17.320 --> 01:14:17.810
and four.. That.

01:14:19.120 --> 01:14:25.680
That. A specific cited that ends
up with a you let it when a

01:14:25.680 --> 01:14:28.610
tourist just briefly that the cyber
issues that we're working

01:14:28.610 --> 01:14:31.760
through and again this is a an issue
that permeates everything

01:14:31.760 --> 01:14:34.960
we're doing of we re smi held a
joint they slowest record with

01:14:34.960 --> 01:14:36.860
university of washington
a sour for some.

01:14:37.730 --> 01:14:40.400
In a particular cyber summit. We
brought in members of general

01:14:40.400 --> 01:14:44.640
Cardona steam from army cyber command
a teammates from the core

01:14:44.900 --> 01:14:47.600
teammates from the business community
as well as academia but

01:14:47.600 --> 01:14:50.710
you go up to look at where we can
find commonality in how to

01:14:50.710 --> 01:14:53.550
deal with cyber solutions and
was unjust and fall wishers.

01:14:53.550 --> 01:14:57.060
That's what we can do in cyber operations.
I'd pickled. We learn

01:14:57.060 --> 01:14:59.340
from that in some of things will
seem towels mince sabre.

01:14:59.340 --> 01:15:02.280
What army cyber command all were
there are opportunities down

01:15:02.280 --> 01:15:05.490
to start training in how we lever
cyber not just in a separate

01:15:05.490 --> 01:15:08.960
still fight but across multiple
but made as part of our ability

01:15:08.960 --> 01:15:13.780
to conduct cyber operations within an
exercise are within an operation.

01:15:13.830 --> 01:15:17.390
So I I would say right now we in
the core we're still mason of

01:15:17.390 --> 01:15:20.020
I think we're making progress and you'll
see some training objectives

01:15:20.020 --> 01:15:23.640
intel's mince safer that get after
cyber operations and will

01:15:23.640 --> 01:15:26.390
put those we talk to Stuart smith the
about this within the targeting

01:15:26.390 --> 01:15:29.680
board to see within the joint tour
being bored with the jtf about

01:15:29.680 --> 01:15:32.600
how to go after the cyber piece epic
will be able to offer gentle

01:15:32.630 --> 01:15:35.570
broke some observations about how
to leverage that the future

01:15:35.570 --> 01:15:39.050
operations of but is something
that we're working through but

01:15:39.050 --> 01:15:42.110
I also think it or is perhaps a future
discussion of what aspects

01:15:42.110 --> 01:15:46.660
of cyber are we going to discuss
offensive the fences and then

01:15:46.660 --> 01:15:50.640
what aspects can we train to at what
level and it what authorities.

01:15:51.450 --> 01:15:57.860
Packs. Sure if you're a given the
given where we stand in terms

01:15:57.860 --> 01:16:01.500
of the payroll up from Amish going
to conclude any for the courses

01:16:01.500 --> 01:16:05.050
at that point surge gentle burner
show for a final comments.

01:16:05.960 --> 01:16:08.990
Not just I just wanna pack again
gentle soul the joe brooks in

01:16:08.990 --> 01:16:11.800
the entire team. This is a wonderful
panel this a great turnout

01:16:12.150 --> 01:16:15.130
and and this particular topic permeates
just about everything.

01:16:15.130 --> 01:16:17.970
We do and I think collectively with
some of the discussions we

01:16:17.970 --> 01:16:21.200
had hair in those discussions will
continue to have it is something

01:16:21.200 --> 01:16:23.750
that hopefully will come up with
some tangible solution as we

01:16:23.750 --> 01:16:26.740
move forward and I think you've heard
a couple today but I appreciate

01:16:26.740 --> 01:16:29.520
the questions and on behalf of
my teammates are on his paddle

01:16:29.740 --> 01:16:32.300
I thank them for their support
and build the spin a wonderful

01:16:32.300 --> 01:16:35.050
panel sir. Thank you very much
for the opportunity of a sure..